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Roman Catholic AnswerFor the Catholic understanding of the Mass, read the entire sixth chapter of John. Then look at the Catechism of the Catholic Church, paragraphs 1322 through 1419. The Mass, or Eucharist, is the ultimate act of Thanksgiving, the memorial of the Last Supper AND the memorial of Christ's crucifixion, the sacrifice of Christ on the cross, and the source and summit of Church life. For the protestant criticism, you are going to have to ask on the protestant section. Protestant AnswerWhile the vast majority of the Protestant Church holds services of the Eucharist, the theology behind the sacrament is very different, and, apart from transubstantiation (which most Protestants do not accept) and a few minor areas, this difference in theology is the main criticim of the mass.

Rightly or wrongly, most Protestants believe that the Catholic interpretation of the mass is a resacrifice. Christ, it is supposed, is sacrificed afresh to put away sin at every mass and it is claimed that only by the continual offering of this sacrifice that sin can be put away. It is important to realize that the mass is not simply the memorial of the sacrifice of Christ made once on the cross, but is itself a sacrifice for sins. In this encyclical letter on "The Mystery and Worship of the Holy Eucharist (1990)", HH Pope John Paul II emphasised again the central concept of the mass, which he considered some priests and laity had neglected. 'The Eucharist', he stated, 'is above all else a sacrifice'.

Many Protestants regard this sacrificial nature of the mass as derogatory to God. They criticise it as something not found in the New Testament scripture nor history. They regard it as counter-scripture:

".....offered one sacrifice for sins for ever..." (Heb. 10:12).

"...By Whose will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once and for all..."(Heb. 10:10).

"For when He died, He died unto sin once and for all..." (Rom. 6:10).

... and many other references.

Protestants criticise the mass because within the scriptures and the early Church writings there is no teaching about the efficacy of the sacrifice of the mass. There is teaching, however, about the Communion service, or Lord's Supper, and about the need to receive by faith the benefits of Christ's death made once upon the cross, but nothing about the need to offer further sacrifices for sins.

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Q: What is the Catholic understanding of the Mass and the protestant criticism of the Mass?
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