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What is the difference between the two explorers - Captain James Cook and Captain Arthur Phillip?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Both Cook and Phillip had similar backgrounds in farming, and in joining the British navy at an early age, but after that they served quite different purposes.
James Cook was the first Englishman to reach and chart Australia's eastern coast. He was involved with three extensive voyages between 1769 and 1779, the year in which he was killed by Hawaiian natives. He circumnavigated and charted the islands of New Zealand, came closer to the Antarctic than any previous explorer and discovered the Hawaiian islands, naming them the Sandwich Islands (after the Earl of Sandwich).
Many people would not consider that Captain Arthur Phillip was an explorer, because he had a single commission, which was to command the First Fleet to New South Wales and establish the convict settlement there. He did not set sail to discover other countries or lands. However, as part of his job, Phillip needed to explore beyond the first colony to find more land for farming and settlement. He made several trips by boat up the rivers in the area, and expanded the colony to Rose Hill (now Parramatta). Phillip was not killed by natives, though he did have one encounter with Aborigines in which he was speared in the shoulder. He returned to England, where he died in 1814.
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∙ 14y ago
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Who was the Aboriginal man taken to England by Captain Arthur Phillip?
Captain Arthur Phillip took the Aborigine Bennelong to England. Bennelong was a senior man of the Eora, a Koori, people of the Port Jackson area, when the First Fleet arrived in Australia, in 1788. He was captured on 25 November 1789, for the purpose of being used as a mediary between the white and Aboriginal cultures. Captain Arthur Phillip, wanted to learn about the language and customs of the indigenous people. Bennelong willingly liaised between the cultures, and adopted European dress and other ways. Bennelong travelled with Phillip to England in 1792, and returned to Australia in 1795. However, he was ostracised from his own people, the Aborigines, when he found it too difficult to integrate into the European culture, and tried to return to his own people. He died on 3 January 1813.
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It is a common misconception that Captain Cook discovered Australia. He did not. The Australian continent had been populated by Aborigines for thousands of years, and visited by numerous Asian traders and, later, explorers since the first known European visitor in 1616. Captain James Cook was the first European to sight and chart the eastern coast of Australia, which he did between April and August 1770.
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Captain Arthur Phillip learned more about the Australian Aborigines by direct contact with them, which he achieved by kidnapping several Aborigines. Bennelong and Arabanoo were two of the Aborigines he kidnapped in an attempt to learn to understand them better, and to learn to communicate with them. He developed a strong relationship with Bennelong, who even travelled back to England with Arthur Phillip, where he was presented before the king. Whilst this move assisted Arthur Phillip in leaning about the Aborigines, it did little for Bennelong. He found he could not integrate properly into white society, and his own people rejected him for adopting European ways. He found himself caught between two opposing worlds.
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