The base of the nucleotides
Cytosine to guanine and thymine to adenine forms the ''ladder rungs'' in a DNA molecule.
Nucleotides become joined together through hydrogen bonds. As a result, the steps or rungs of a DNA molecule are formed.
amino acids
The three components of DNA are phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogen base. A DNA strand looks like a ladder. The "sides" of the ladder are made up by the phosphates and deoxyribose sugars the "steps" are the nitrogen bases.
AnswerThe "twisted ladder" shape of DNA is called a double helix.
All living organisms have DNA. They differ subtly, but are about 99% similar.
I believe there is only one form of DNA. There are numerous forms of RNA. The least common RNA molecule is tRNA as it is stimulated by the protein synthesis cycle and is only produced at certain times.
A mutation is any change to a strand of DNA which is passed on to an organism's offspring.DNA mutations are caused usually by chemical interactions or radiation (natural and manmade), and most are harmless.The only ones which cause serious defects (that I know of) are changes to sperm or egg cells, stem cells (which might ultimately be responsible for the DNA and development of an entire region of your anatomy) and changes which cause cancer.If a fetus or embryo is exposed to intense radiation, they will be at high-risk for harmful genetic mutations because their body is still developing, whereas an adult will be relatively immune since most of the time if a strand of DNA in a cell is damaged the cell just dies and is replaced.
A pair of the 4 nitrogen bases represented by an a, t, c, or g
In you ladder analogy it would be the rungs. About half is each rung is one base (the other half being is pair obviously)
The rungs that are in the DNA ladder molecule are nucleotides. They are adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine. Deoxyribose and phosphate make up the backbone of the molecule.
Phosphates and Sugars formthe sides of the DNA ladder~
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A nucleotide is the sugar (in DNA is a deoxyribose in RNA it's ribose), phosphate group and 1 base. A base pair is the "rung in the ladder" for example in DNA it could be adenine + thymine or guanine + cytosine. In RNA the thymine is replaced by uracil
what are 4 bases that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder
The sugar used in the DNA ladder is deoxyribose. It is a five-carbon sugar that forms part of the DNA backbone and is essential for the stability and structure of the DNA molecule.
simple adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pair with cystosine.
The four nitrogen bases, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Adenine. Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines and Guanine and Adenine are purines. Thymine bonds with Adenine and Cytosine bonds with Guanine.
The sides of the DNA ladder are composed of alternating Phosphate and deoxyribose (sugar) molecules.
DNA (standing for DeoxyriboNucleic Acid)