The difference is the 750 has larger venturis & throttle plates and flows 150 more CFM at wide open throttle than a 600.
Depending on what models of Holley's you are comparing there could be other differences as well (float bowls, linkage, vacuum secondary vs double pumper, STD flange vs spread bore, etc.).
Your question is very generic so it's hard to give an exact answer aside from the obvious size differences. If you had given the list numbers from both carburetors (located on the choke horn) I/We could give a more detailed answer of the specific differences between the two.
A four barrel carb usually adds about 20 hp.
A small one with vacuum secondaries.
Yes. There are adapters available for this, however switching to the correct intake manifold is a better solution.
if it's a four barrel, it's in the carb.
you will have to install a 2 bbl intake manifold to mount the 2 bbl. carb.
in cars, most of the time the carbs are two barrel which means there are two main terminals, if you want more power, you'd go with a four barrel carb witch has four main terminals.
That usually means that a needle and seat assembly is stuck open. Could be some dirt or something keeping it from closing.
On my 83 z28 305 it is 700 rpm
The four barrel usually gets a little better mileage because the primaries of a Rochester Quadrajet are a lot smaller than the Rochester 2-jet that was used at the time. Once you open the secondaries of a quadrajet however, you will use significantly more fuel than a 2-jet.
most carb flooding is caused by a bad float causing wrong float level or a bad needle and seat both are easy and cheap to fix
On the intake manifold next to the carb or directly behind the carb depending on two or four barrel car. It's held on with two bolts and has a vacuum line going to it.
A stock 302 engine with a two barrel Carb has 210 horsepower and 300 lb ft of torque, with a four barrel, 230 horsepower and 310 lb ft of torque.