What type of ownership do schools have?

Answer 1

School ownership and operationMany schools are owned or funded by states. Private schools operate independently from the government. Private schools usually rely on fees from families whose children attend the school for funding; however, sometimes such schools also receive government support (for example, through School vouchers). Many private schools are affiliated with a particular religion; these are known as parochial schools. Components of most schoolsA school entrance building in Australia

Schools are organized spaces purposed for teaching and learning. The classrooms, where teachers teach and students learn, are of central importance, but typical schools have many other areas, which may include:

• Cafeteria (Commons), dining hall or canteen where students eat lunch and often breakfast and snacks.
• Athletic field, playground, gym, and/or track place where students participating in sports or physical education practice
• Auditorium or hall where student theatrical and musical productions can be staged and where all-school events such as assemblies are held
• Office where the administrative work of the school is done
• Library where students ask librarians reference questions, check out books and magazines, and often use computers
• Specialized classrooms including laboratories for science education
• Computer labs where computer-based work is done and the internet accessed

School securityTo curtail violence, some schools have added CCTV surveillance cameras. This is especially common in schools with excessive gang activity or violence.

The safety of staff and students is increasingly becoming an issue for school communities, an issue most schools are addressing through improved security. After mass shootings such as the Columbine High School massacre and the Virginia Tech incident (and more recently the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting) many school administrators in the United States have created plans to protect students and staff in the event of a school shooting. Some have also taken measures such as installing metal detectors or video surveillance. Others have even taken measures such as having the children swipe identification cards as they board the school bus. For some schools, these plans have included the use of door numbering to aid public safety response.

Other security concerns faced by schools include bomb threats, gangs, vandalism,[6] and bullying.[7]

School health servicesMain article: School health services

School health services are services from medical, teaching and other professionals applied in or out of school to improve the health and well-being of children and in some cases whole families. These services have been developed in different ways around the globe but the fundamentals are constant: the early detection, correction, prevention or amelioration of disease, disability and abuse from which school aged children can suffer.

Online schools and classesMain article: Virtual school

Some schools offer remote access to their classes over the Internet. Online schools also can provide support to traditional schools, as in the case of the School Net Namibia. Some online classes also provide experience in a class, so that when people take them, they have already been introduced to the subject and know what to expect, and even more classes provide High School/College credit allowing people to take the classes at their own pace. Many online classes cost money to take but some are offered free.

StressAs a profession, teaching has levels of Work-Related Stress (WRS)[8] that are among the highest of any profession in some countries, such as the United Kingdom and the United States.[9] The degree of this problem is becoming increasingly recognized and support systems are being put into place.[10][11] Teacher education increasingly recognizes the need to train those new to the profession to be aware of and overcome mental health challenges they may face.[citation needed]

Stress sometimes affects students more severely than teachers, up to the point where the students are prescribed stress medication. This stress is claimed to be related to standardized testing, and the pressure on students to score above average.[12][13] See Cram school.

DisciplineMain article: School discipline

Schools and their teachers have always been under pressure - for instance, pressure to cover the curriculum, to perform well in comparison to other schools, and to avoid the stigma of being "soft" or "spoiling" toward students. Forms of discipline, such as control over when students may speak, and normalized behaviour, such as raising a hand to speak, are imposed in the name of greater efficiency. Practitioners of critical pedagogy maintain that such disciplinary measures have no positive effect on student learning. Indeed, some argue that disciplinary practices detract from learning, saying that they undermine students' individual dignity and sense of self-worth-the latter occupying a more primary role in students' hierarchy of needs.

See alsoSchools portalUniversity portalEducation portal

Find more about School at Wikipedia's sister projectsDefinitions and translations from WiktionaryMedia from CommonsLearning resources from WikiversityNews stories from WikinewsQuotations from WikiquoteSource texts from WikisourceTextbooks from Wikibooks

• Bullying in teaching
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References

1. ^ Online Etymology Dictionary; H.G. Liddell & R. Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon
2. ^ School, on Oxford Dictionaries
3. ^ σχολή, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
4. ^ Bentley, Jerry H. (2006). Traditions & Encounters a Global Perspective on the Past. New York: McGraw-Hil. p. 331.
5. ^https://oda.hio.no/jspui/bitstream/10642/888/2/802941.pdf
6. ^ "School Vandalism Takes Its Toll". Wrensolutions.com. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
7. ^ "Bulling, Anti-bullying Legislation, and School Safety". Schoolsecurity.org. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
8. ^ "Work-Related Stress in teaching". Wrsrecovery.com. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
9. ^ "TEACHER STRESS, BURNOUT AND NCLB: THE U.S. EDUCATIONAL ECOSYSTEM AND THE ADAPTATION OF TEACHERS". Retrieved 18 December 2012.
10. ^ "Teacher Support for England & Wales". Teachersupport.info. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
11. ^ "Teacher Support for Scotland". Teachersupport.info. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
12. ^ "Survey confirms student stress, but next step is unclear (May 06, 2005)". Paloaltoonline.com. 2005-05-06. Retrieved 2009-10-03.
13. ^ "Children & School Anxiety, Stress Management". Webmd.com. Retrieved 2010-03-28.

Further reading

• Dodge, B. (1962). 'Muslim Education in the Medieval Times', The Middle East Institute, Washington D.C.
• Education as Enforcement: The Militarization and Corporatization of Schools, edited by Kenneth J. Saltman and David A. Gabbard, RoutledgeFalmer 2003.review
• Makdisi, G. (1980). 'On the origin and development of the college in Islam and the West', in Islam and the Medieval West, ed. Khalil I. Semaan, State University of New York Press
• Nakosteen, M. (1964). 'History of Islamic origins of Western Education AD 800-1350', University of Colorado Press, Boulder, Colorado,
• Ribera, J. (1928). 'Disertaciones Y Opusculos', 2 vols. Madrid
• Spielhofer, Thomas, Tom Benton, Sandie Schagen. "A study of the effects of school size and single-sex education in English schools." Research Papers in Education June 2004:133 159, 27.
• Toppo, Greg. "High-tech school security is on the rise." USA Today 9 October 2006.
• Traditions and Encounters, by Jerry H. Bentley and Herb F. Ziegler