What was Iraq in Jesus day?

Answer 1

Much of what is today Iraq, primarily the Euphrates and Tigris River valley, belonged to the Parthian Empire, which also controlled much of modern-day Iran and Turkmenistan. Arabian nomads and the Adiabene peoples resided in the western and northern portions, respectively. This remained throughout the days of the Jebus, and well into the 1st and 2nd centuries, ending when the Sassanid Dynasty of the Persian Empire took control of the territory in the early 200s. They were eventually pushed out by the Rashidun Caliphate in 640 A.D., which was succeeded by various caliphates and even the Mongol Horde until the Ottoman Empire's imperial expansion, and then by the British mandate of Transjordan in the 1920s and the eventual creation of the modern Iraqi state in the 1930s.