It could be axle bearings, however it is more likely a pinion or carrier bearing since you say the noise seems to be coming from the differential housing. With the vehicle up on a lift around 45 mph, use a mechanic's stethoscope to help pinpoint the noise. You should be able to at least determine if is coming from the axle bearing or the differential, sometimes you can tell if it is a pinion bearing (noise more pronounced near the driveshaft) or if is a carrier bearing (more pronounced near the rear cover).
The bearings run in the differential grease fed through the axle housing.
open up the rear axle differntial drain oil locate the bearings and take large needlenose pliers and gently pull the bearings out without damaging the differncial housing (expensive!!!!!!!!!!)
From your description it definitely sounds like either the U-joint itself or your differential bearing(s) are in need of replacement. With the vehicle turned off, scoot underneath and grasp the rear driveshaft in your hand and try to twist it back and forth. If the shaft moves (you may hear a 'clunking' sound) but the yoke going into the differential housing doesn't move, it is probably the U-joint itself. However, the fact that you say that you had 'top-off' the differential fluid indicates that it may have been running 'dry' for quite some time which could mean that the gear bearings inside the housing were running dry and are damaged.
the differential is the large ball looking thing in the middle of the rear axle housing
In an automobile, the differential allows each of the driving wheels to rotate at different speeds, while supplying equal torque to each of them. In automotive applications, the differential and its housing are sometimes collectively called a "pumpkin" (because the housing resembles a pumpkin).
No, the hub is the outer housing that the bearing sits in. Usually bearings have to be pressed in and out of the hub.
Ford Mustang Mach 1 1969
the recommendation for the differential housing cover bolts is 16 ft. lbs.
Wheel Shaft; Compressor Wheel; Bearing Housing; Turbine Housing; Compressor Housing They are the main parts plus there are internals, Bearings etc.
Between the 2 back wheels , in the center (differential housing) where the drive gears are
The differential, often referred to as the "rear", is the gear housing which transmits the rotation of the driveshaft to the rear wheels. A four-wheel drive truck also has a differential for the front wheels.
Changing wheel bearings on a Toyota RAV4 is similar to other vehicles. After properly and safely removing the tire, the cowling should be removed giving access to the bearings. Be sure to clean the housing area and properly pack the bearings.