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When you need power not speed like up a steep hill or if you are my dad drive all around town in 2nd gear

A car needs to put out the maximum force on the ground (through the wheels of course) when it is started from standstill. The 1st gear (its ratio) is such that maximum force can be transferred to the wheels for a given RPM to attain initial acceleration. At higher gears, since the car is already moving, less power needs to be transferred. To summarise the purpose of each gear, 1st gear - max power to the wheels, high aceleration but lowest max speed (0 - 10 or 15 kmph)

2nd gear - intermediate gear once the vehicle has moved (accelerate upto 20kmph without excessive revving and upto 30kmph with a little more throttle). 3rd gear - for cruising upto about 40kmph (can also be used when maximum acceleration is needed above 30kmph though the engine will have to be revved quite high for this) - can easily reach 50-60kmph with engine revved up high though this is not a good thing to do (wastes fuel and the engine is running closer to its max rev limit).

4th gear - upto 45-50kmph cruising. 5th and higher - more than 50kmph cruising.

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Q: When do you use first and second gear in a car?
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