They were first sent to the West Indies and subsequently to Australia. They were not sent only because of overcrowding but as a cheap way of colonisation. After being sent they could have their family sent to join them.
As capital of the British Empire, London, England, affected Australia in the 18th and 19th centuries through transportation of convicts to serve their sentences in Australian penal colonies rather than in London's overcrowded prisons. After the ending of the American Revolutionary War, the British government replaced America with Australia as a penal transportation destination.
The people who were to build the government were convicts.
The first type of government which oversaw the convicts and new settlers in New South Wales was a Colonial government. It was completely under the authority of the British government, utilising its laws, and following the same system. The Governor in Australia had to report all activity to the British authorities.
The colony that was mostly inhabited by convicts was Australia. In 1788, the British established a penal colony in New South Wales, which later expanded to include other areas of Australia such as Tasmania. These convicts were sent to Australia as a form of punishment from British prisons.
the british convicts did not aborigines
Prior to the revolutionary war which formed the USA, another 60,000 convicts were sent to North America (some sources say 50,000). About 165,000 British convicts were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868. British convicts were also sent to Canada, as well as to its outposts in India, the Cape of Good Hope, Bermuda and Mauritius. Figures for these convicts are unknown, particularly as some of them were then sent on to Australia.
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European settlement in Australia was started by British convicts, together with officers, marines and in some cases their families.
After the Americans achieved their independence, Britain had to find another place to which to send their convicts as the American colonies were no longer viable. For awhile, England resorted to using old ships - hulks - to place the convicts at night, but they were extremely unhealthy and overcrowded. Also, the West Indies and Africa were unsuitable due to disease and climate, and India was already crowded. James Cook had recommended New South Wales (east coast of Australia) following his voyage in 1770, so the authorities decided to establish a convict colony in Australia. British convicts were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868.
were not represented in the british parliament
were not represented in the British Parliament
They were British convicts sentenced to transportation. They couldn't be sent to America, so they started a new colony in what is now known as Australia.