DEONTOLOGY
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Yes, deontology is a moral theory that places emphasis on the intent behind one's actions rather than the consequences. It asserts that the moral rightness of an action is determined by adherence to rules or duties, rather than the outcomes of those actions.
Utilitarianism
An act of goodness or evil depends on the person. Depending on which act you refer to, may or may not be universal.
it's more about individual perception than consequences. It is also provably logically invalid and no longer held by professional philosophers so a more accurate statement would be 'Moral Relativism focused mainly on individual perception.'
That's Kant's system of ethics. One must act according to a maxim which it is coherent to wish to be a universal law. I'm paraphrasing here, but that's the gist of it.
The first formulation of Kant's categorical imperative "Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law."
Deontology is an ethical theory that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, regardless of their consequences, by following moral rules or duties. On the other hand, teleology emphasizes the consequences of actions as the primary determinant of their moral value, aiming at achieving the best outcomes or goals. In essence, deontology looks at the duty behind actions, whereas teleology looks at the results of actions.
Kant's theory of Moral Imperatives is based around the idea of good actions being those that could be universal and not lead to negative/self-contradictory results.
de·on·tol·o·gy (dē'ŏn-tŏl'ə-jē)n.Ethical theory concerned with duties and rights.Deontology is also the moral theory that focuses mainly on one's intentions.Deontology is also a moral theory that focuses mainly on an acy of being universalizable.Above retrieved from Answers.ocmViper1
In philosophy, deontological ethical theory explains the relationship between duty and the morality of human actions. Deontology is a Greek word that focuses on logic and ethics.
Some sub-theories of goal-based ethics include teleological ethics, which focuses on the consequences of actions to determine morality, and utilitarianism, which seeks to maximize overall happiness or well-being. Other sub-theories may include consequentialism, pragmatism, and ethical egoism.
No, it focuses on opinions. If it is your opinion that intentions mean more than actions, then your relative morality does. If it is another's opinion that actions mean more than intentions, then that other's relative morality doesn't. Relative morality is just the variation in moral opinion from person to person, or from society to society on a larger scope. It doesn't give any values or demerits in and of itself.