A direct quote goes in quotation marks. Depending on the style manual being followed, some titles may also go in quotations.
Information that must be placed inside quotation marks includes direct quotes from a speaker or text, titles of shorter works such as articles or poems, and certain words used as linguistic examples or when discussing the word itself.
In American English, most punctuation marks are placed inside quotation marks. However, in British English, punctuation marks are placed outside the quotation marks unless they are part of the quoted material.
Punctuation marks such as periods and commas should be placed outside the set of quotation marks. Question marks and exclamation points should be placed inside if they are part of the quoted material, and outside if they are not.
In American English, dialog tags are typically placed outside the quotation marks. For example: "I love to read," she said. However, in British English, dialog tags are often placed inside the quotation marks. For example: "I love to read", she said. It's important to be consistent with whichever style guide you choose to follow.
The same punctuation is used inside of quotation marks as is used outside of quotation marks.
The quotation marks are placed outside of the question mark at the end of a sentence when the quoted text is part of the question. For example: Did she say, "I'll be there"?
Yes; the article title should be placed inside quotation marks, while the name of the newspaper or magazine is italicized.
In American English, an exclamation point should be placed inside quotation marks, followed by a comma if necessary: He shouted, "Stop!" In British English, the exclamation point would be placed outside of the quotation marks: He shouted, "Stop"!
The question mark should be placed inside the quotation marks if you are quoting a question.
Full stops are usually placed inside quotation marks. For example, "She said it was orange."
In American English, periods and commas should always be placed inside the set of quotation marks. Question marks and semicolons are placed inside the quotation marks when they belong to the quoted material but outside when they apply to the whole sentence.
The comma is inside the quotation mark if it is part of the quote. For example: John said, "Please pass the butter, and then could you pour me some milk?" Notice that there is also a comma after the word "said" that is not in quotation marks. This is because "said" is not a part of the quote. Be careful of indirect quotes which do not use quotation marks, such as: John said to please pass the butter and then pour him some milk. An easy mistake is to write: John said "to please pass the butter and then pour him some milk" which would be incorrect since that is not what John said.
In dialogue, periods, commas, question marks, and exclamation points go inside quotation marks. (A semicolon goes outside quotation marks but isn't used much in dialogue, so you don't need to worry about it.)