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Winston Churchill believed that by capturing Istanbul the capital of Turkey, the Germans would need to divert manpower form the Western Front in Europe to support their ally Turkey, and defend their rear borders.

To get to Istanbul any invasion force needed to pass through narrow seaway known as The Dardanells to the south of Istanbul. The Dardanelles are at one point 1 mile wide. Both sides of the channel were reasonably well fortified.

In Feb 1915, an attempt was made to force the channel using naval power alone. The result was a disaster with the British and French navies losing a number of destroyers and cruisers to artillery fire from fortified artillery units on the Dardanelles Peninsular as well as mines.

To enable minesweepers to operate freely in another attack it was decided to land forces on the Dardanelles to eliminate the artillery positions on the Peninsular. This proved to be an even greater disaster.

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6mo ago

The Allies needed to capture Gallipoli during World War I to secure a route through the Dardanelles and ultimately gain control of the Ottoman Empire's capital, Constantinople (now Istanbul). By doing so, they hoped to establish a supply line to Russia, weaken the Ottoman Empire, and potentially encourage other nations to join the Allied cause. However, the campaign ultimately failed and resulted in heavy casualties for the Allies.

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Q: Why did the alies need to capture Gallipoli?
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