When it rains, cars sometimes hydroplane because the water underneath the tires supports the weight of the car and causes it to loose traction. Grooves give another channel for water to escape. As for off-road cars, the tire grooves are not much deeper rather they are larger and have more room to go up and down. In my Jeep Wrangler, the tire grooves are the same depth as an Acura TL and a Honda minivan. Maybe on other off-road cars they help the car travel through gravel, rock, sand, and snow to gain more traction.
Deeper grooves improve traction for off road use but are noisy when on road use.
Because they have to get a grip in mud, grass and soft ground in general.
so they can have more traction
Tyres have treads to give better grip on the road, especially on a wet road.
Tyres have treads to give better grip on the road, especially on a wet road.
Tires or the road.
The differences are the size and the purpose. Regular tires are made to grip the asphalt, and also fitted with grooves to push water away, keeping it from hydroplaning. The off road tires are thicker, and the grooves are much deeper, giving it the ability to have good traction in the dirt and rocks.
Tires need the grooves to be able to get a grip when weather is not the best. They provide a place for water, ice and snow to go and allow the rubber tread to make contact with the road. Racing cars often use tires with no grooves at all, but the weather has to be dry and the pavement clean. On a passenger car, even a little water can cause hydroplaning, where the tire is on water rather than the pavement.
so you have grip on the road.
To provide better grip in road
Race cars use tires with no grooves (or 'Slicks') as they provide the most surface area contact with the road which provides the most grip. More grip = more stability. The slicks are only used when the track is dry enough as they will not clear away water, they are more likely to lose contact with the track and hydroplane/aquaplane, which will cause a loss of grip. In Formula 1 when the track becomes too wet for slicks they will change tires to either Intermediate or Wet tires which feature different depth grooves for driving on a wet track. A road car cannot use slick tires as it must be suitable for driving in any condition at any given time, plus all 4 tires of a Formula 1 race car can be changed in a little more than 2 seconds, I doubt you'd be able to manage that with a road legal vehicle.
It is a series of grooves or bumps in the road that cause the tires of the car or truck to 'rumble' with noise when they go over it. The are often used in construction areas to slow cars down and on highway edges to warn drivers that they are going off the road. It will wake a sleeping driver up.