Even though he was undermanned and poorly supplied, Pemberton had superior position. The main reason for the surrender was that he could not feed and protect the civilian population. Had he been able to ignore or expel them, and only worry about his forces, he may have been able to hold out until a relieving force could have rescued him.
Confederate General Pemberton was forced to surrender the city because the siege had reduced the garrison to starvation, along with the civilian population.
As an aside, General Pemberton was a Northerner who decided to fight for the Confederacy.
Vickburg surrendered because Grant began a seige and vicksburg's people were slowly starving from the lack of food shortage.
The town and the garrison were starving. Pemberton was cut off from relief and could not be resupplied. Grant was not in any danger of being surprised by a relieving force.
Vicksburg
Because Grant pursued the Confederates back into their lines and starved them out.
Grant led the Army of the Tennessee.
they used shotguns,rifles,and cannons
Confederates lost Ft. Henry, Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, Antietam, Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain, Atlanta, Savana, Petersburg, and Appomattox.
It was the battle of Vicksburg.
Vicksburg
The Union controlled the Mississippi River after defeating the Confederates in the Vicksburg Campaign.
The Confederates would say the battle was with the Yankees. The Federals would say the battle was with the Rebels.
Because Grant pursued the Confederates back into their lines and starved them out.
there were about 9,000 soldiers hurt or killed.
Grant led the Army of the Tennessee.
they used shotguns,rifles,and cannons
Managed to cross to the East bank of the Mississippi and besiege the Confederates in Vicksburg until they starved them out.
Vicksburg.
Grey.(P.S.The Union wore blue)
The Confederates occupied the bluffs over the horseshoe bend in the Mississippi River.