most of these door systems are vacuum controlled...but a pencil or object stuck internally can also be the cause, and not often easy to fix...for the vacuum system you can find specs and routing at the local library... check all the vacuum lines on the engine, and listen for vacuum hissing under the dash...good luck..:)
the middle vents only supply air from the ac unit using a separate in dash fan. the floor and defrost vents come only from the heater
the ducts can not be hooked up for the vents to work
When there is a problem with the vent system it dfaults to the defrost setting. Sounds like you have a problem in the doors that direct the air flow.
Because the air selector died.
Acutator is a small vacuum powered motor used to open and close diverter to direct air either to defrost, floor, or vents
This is a very common problem and you need to check for a vacuum leak, broken vacuum line or a loose vacuum line......
Air flow is controlled by plastic doors which are controlled by vacume motors. Could be they're stuck, or a vacume leak.
when it happened to mine, it was because the arm behind the dash that controls the internal vent doors slipped off
The year, make and model info would help. Also need to know if the blower motor is working, just not getting any heat, or not changing function between defrost, dash or floor vents.
Grand Marquis are designed and wired so that the VAC door fails and will even cause engine not to start due to wires be connected together under dash.
most vehicles use a vacuum diaphragm to move the mode door inside the dash from the floor to the vents to the windshield. Either the vacuum diaphragm is leaking or the vacuum hose has become disconnected. In my 85 topaz the door pannel vents are used to defrost the side windows.
The year, make and model would help but many vehicles use vacuum to operate the direction of air flow through the floor vents, dash vents and defrost vents. If the vacuum supply is cut off for whatever reason the system defaults to defrost only. So if you only have the defrost mode working chances are the vacuum supply is cut off. Check the HVAC vacuum supply line under the hood for damage. If that system seems to be working but you have insufficient air flow through all of the vents, check/replace the cabin filter if applicable.