You'll need to drill some holes 6 inches deep into the edge of the existing foundation about 4 inches down from the surface.
You'll epoxy 12 inch pieces of reinforcing rod into these holes which will keep the new slab lined up with the old one once its poured.
The epoxy is available at some home improvement stores, but you may have to search a bit. You may have to go to one that services the commercial construction industry.
It would always be best to remove the existing, but sometimes it is cost prohibitive. To pour a slab over an existing slab, especially if it is uneven or fractured, will cause weak points in the new slab for various reasons. If you're going to do it anyway, try to make sure the new slab is minimally 3" thick at the thinnest point of the formed area. Commercial solutions are available also to aid in the adhesion of new concrete over old. These products are available at most home stores.
No. Concrete won't bond to concrete. It will end up cracking.
about how much to pour a concrete slaba 12 x 14'
If there are no seams in it - it was not poured in sections, but as one continuous pour.
Building a concrete slab is not difficult. Simply excavate the area where the slab is to go, and build a wooden box frame around it. Then, add crushed stone and pour the concrete on top. Finally, just smooth it out and allow it to dry.
You must form on top of the existing slab and drill in anchors to join the new concrete to the old this is called a cap
6.67 Cubic Yards
20
7.1
Yes, you can stain a concrete slab. It is a several step process and costs about $.50 a square foot to do it yourself. See attached link for process.
You should be able to pour an additional 3" over the new section. It wouldn't hurt to coat the existing with a bonding agent, after "keying" the surface by roughening it so that the new slab grips onto the old. First check whether these was a reason for the slab being laid at that level. Is it to do with the moisture barrier of the new slab? Slabs that do not have moisture barriers are often set below those that do to reduce the chance of moisture entering the dryer slab. If the slab level is a mistake then any contractor who poured it should be liable to pour a topping slab to bring it the correct height.
15 cubic yards