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Compare the basicity of isomers of toluidine?
As expected from Inductive(/hypercojugative) as well as ortho effect the basicity order should be: ortho-toluidine>para-toluidine>meta-toluidine. But, experimental order is: para-toluidine(Pka=5.12)>meta-toluidine(Pka=4.69)>ortho-toluidine(Pka=4.39).The order of basicity is explained by two opposing effects :i) inductive effect ii) Stability of the conjugate base. Here 2nd factor is more significant for ortho-toluidine & 1st factor is important for para-toluidine. For ortho-toluidine the conjugate base [o-MeC6H4NH3+] is destabilized by steric interaction between -NH3+ & -Me(at ortho). This desatabilization is absent with para-toluidine & meta-toluidine.Tha's why basicity of: ortho-toluidine(Pka=4.39)
Why o-toluidine method cannot be used for the detection of fructose in a solution?
The o-toluidine method is specific to detecting glucose because o-toluidine reacts specifically with aldehyde functional groups on glucose molecules. Fructose does not have an aldehyde functional group, so it will not react with o-toluidine in the same way as glucose, making this method ineffective for detecting fructose in a solution.
Why you use o-toluidine for glucose estimation?
In the presence of heat and acetic acid, ortho-toluidine (also called o-toluidine) reacts rapidly with aldohexoses (mostly glucose) to form a green-colored complex that can be measured at 630 nm.
What is the sensitivity and specificity of ortho toluidine test?
A
Is p-toluidine a solid or a liquid at room temperature?
Para toluidine appears as white lustrous plates or leaflets with an amine odour at room temperature. It melts at 430C.
Is o-toluidine soluble in NaOH?
no it is not. the molecule does not react with the (polar) water molecule, and when NaOH is added the Na and OH dont react with NH2 either (a major functional group on the toluidine molecule) it is not soluble in water either, but when acid is added the NH2 group becomes NH3 and (due to its ionic nature) dissolves.
Why don't we simply oxidize p-toluidine with KMnO4?
Oxidizing p-toluidine with KMnO4 may not be effective because p-toluidine is a primary aromatic amine, which can form a stable complex with KMnO4 and hinder the oxidation process. Additionally, the reaction may lead to side products or incomplete oxidation due to the complex formation.
Is p-toluidine acidic or basic?
P-toluidine is a weakly basic compound due to the presence of an amino group. In solution, it can accept protons to form a positively charged species, making it basic.
What is Toluidine used for?
Toluidine is used in the manufacturing of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural chemicals. It can also be used as an intermediate in the production of synthetic resins and rubber chemicals.
Is p-toluidine soluble in HCl?
When I performed this experiment, it did not dissolve. p-toluidine is a very stable molecule, it is also non-polar due to its benzene ring structure. I have a phD in chemistry and have done many similar experiments Dr.Dicks When I performed ths experiment, it dissolved. Since p-toluidine has a basic functional group, it dissolves in the strong acid, HCl. Dr. Horton Ab Ripper X everyday, keeps the doctors away! Unless you get a cardial failure or asthma of course
HOW TO SEPARATE A MIXTURE OF P-TOLUIC ACID AND P-TOLUIDINE?
To separate a mixture of p-toluic acid and p-toluidine, you can utilize their differing solubilities in an aqueous acid solution. First, dissolve the mixture in a suitable solvent, then add dilute hydrochloric acid; p-toluidine will protonate and dissolve in the aqueous layer as its hydrochloride salt, while p-toluic acid will remain in the organic layer. After separation, you can recover p-toluidine by basifying the aqueous solution, causing it to precipitate out. Finally, p-toluic acid can be isolated by evaporating the organic solvent.
What is toluidine blue stain?
Toluidine blue stain is a synthetic dye commonly used in histology and cytology to highlight cellular structures. It is particularly effective for staining acidic tissue components, such as nucleic acids and glycosaminoglycans, which appear blue under a microscope. The stain is often used in the diagnosis of tumors and in the identification of certain pathogens due to its ability to differentiate between various cell types and tissue components. Additionally, toluidine blue has applications in the assessment of tissue morphology and viability.
