The molecule you have described (C8H18) is Octane. The number of carbon atoms in the longest molecule chain give the first part of the IUPAC name.
C Atom Number - First Part
1 ---------------------Meth
2 ---------------------Eth
3 ---------------------Prop
4 ---------------------But
5 ---------------------Pent
6 ---------------------Hex
7 ---------------------Hept
8 ---------------------Oct
Type of Molecule - Suffix
Alkane ----------------ane
Alkene ----------------ene
Alcohol ----------------anol
Ketone ---------------one
Aldehyde -------------anal
Carboxylic Acid ------oic Acid
1. hexane: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH32. 3-methylpentane: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH33. 2-methylpentane: CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH34. 2,2-dimethylbutane: CH3-C(CH3(CH3))-CH2-CH3
Ch2=ch-ch2-ch3 + h2 = ch3-ch2-ch2-ch3
Cyclopentyl ethyl ester
The nomenclature for CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 is octane. It is an alkane with 8 carbon atoms in a straight chain.
CH2(Cl)CH2C(CH3)(CL)CH2CH3 Or C6H12Cl2
Ch3-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch3
The condensed formula for 2,3,3,4-tetramethylnonane is CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3.
The compound CH2=CH-CH=CH2 when reacts with HBr gives 1,4 addition product, CH3-CH=CH-CH2Br
Ch3-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch2-ch3
1. hexane: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH32. 3-methylpentane: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH33. 2-methylpentane: CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH34. 2,2-dimethylbutane: CH3-C(CH3(CH3))-CH2-CH3
1 - bromopropane is the IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-Br.
This molecule is named propane.
Ch2=ch-ch2-ch3 + h2 = ch3-ch2-ch2-ch3
The process mentioned involves the breaking of a C-C bond in decane to form 1-butene and 2-methylpentane. The structural formula equation is: CH3-(CH2)8-CH3 → CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 + CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH3.
4-methyl-4-nonene CH3-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 The (CH3) is a methyl group stemming from the CH just before it (#4). - single bond = double bond.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-SH
Cyclopentyl ethyl ester