"Osgood" was Charles E. Osgood (1916 - 1991). He was a psychologist who also did research into semantics (the study of how meaning is created, and how words change meaning over time). He and Wilbur Schramm became very well-known for their essays about communication in the 1950s: Mass Communication was a relatively new field of study back then, and both men did research about it, as well as researching interpersonal communication.
Schramm's model
complexity situation did not considered.
Wilbur Schramm based his work on Shannon and Weaver, but he developed the idea of encoding more from a humanistic or experiential point of view compared to Shannon's technical and mathematical approach. See link for more.
There are three kinds of models of communication. They are linear model, interactive model, and transactional model. Communication is the key to success in life.
There are so many different types and models of communication. The most common include Aristotle's Model, Shannon-Weaver model, modern communication model and Thayer's model among others.
Osgood and Schramm's Circular Model of Communication (1954) was an attempt to rectify the earlier linear models of communication. It can happen within our self (Intra personal communication) or two people (Inter personal communication) each person acts as both sender and receiver and hence use interpretation.
Schramm's model
http://www.uri.edu/personal/carson/kulveted/wlsmodel.html
complexity situation did not considered.
The transactional model of communication incorporates feedback and interaction between sender and receiver, unlike the Shannon and Weaver and Schramm models, which focus more on one-way transmission. In the transactional model, communication is seen as a dynamic and continuous process where both parties play active roles in encoding and decoding messages. The transactional model emphasizes the importance of context, culture, and shared meaning in communication.
Wilbur Schramm based his work on Shannon and Weaver, but he developed the idea of encoding more from a humanistic or experiential point of view compared to Shannon's technical and mathematical approach. See link for more.
The Osgood Model of communication is quietly different from the conventional models of communications in the earlier days. In this exclusive model, Osgood considered a circular form of the communication process. Here both sender and receiver are assumed to have equal contributory role as well as importance in the process of communication. As per above model Osgood wanted to point out that, the sender sends message to get response from the receiver as well as the receiver accepts the message from the sender to respond as well. The sender encodes any message to deliver to the receiver where, the receiver decodes the message in meaningful manner and finally, after encoding a message, delivers to the sender as an answers or response. Now the sender accepts the message after decoding it in same manner. So, it is clear from the model, that the sender performs both encoding and decoding as well as the receiver does the same to complete the process of communication as well. Encoding and decoding both are the important part of the communication as performed by the sender as well as the receiver, in making the transmitted messages understandable to fulfill their purposes.
Shannon and Weaver Jakobson's model Nick Boer's model Lasswell-control analysis Schramm Berlo's model Aristotle Barnlund PMI basic communication model Transmission model Constructionist model Interactive model Transactional model Constitutive Metamodel Intermediary model Riley's model Westley and Maclean's Conceptual Model Newcomb's model of communication George Gerbner's model
Schramm's model of communication is a circular model that includes encoder, signal, decoder, feedback, and gatekeeper. The encoder encodes the message, which is then transmitted through the signal to the decoder for interpretation. Feedback is provided by the receiver to the sender, completing the communication loop. The gatekeeper controls the flow of information.
Shannon and Weaver Jakobson's model Nick Boer's model Lasswell-control analysis Schramm Berlo's model Aristotle Barnlund PMI basic communication model Transmission model Constructionist model Interactive model Transactional model Constitutive Metamodel Intermediary model Riley's model Westley and Maclean's Conceptual Model Newcomb's model of communication George Gerbner's model
There are three kinds of models of communication. They are linear model, interactive model, and transactional model. Communication is the key to success in life.
There are so many different types and models of communication. The most common include Aristotle's Model, Shannon-Weaver model, modern communication model and Thayer's model among others.