The internet header padding is used to ensure that the internet ends on a 32 bit boundary. The padding is zero.
TCP Breaks User Data Into Segments, Numbers Each Segment, Places Them In The Correct Sequence, And Sends Each In Order, Waiting For An Acknowledgement Before Sending The Next Segment.
It indicates the "number of bytes the device is willing to accept".
in tcp header (32 bits) we have a field that is called options and padding that has variable in length and the header length shows the actual header size i.e size of 20 octets+size of options and padding field and in UDP we dont have any field like that and its header is fixed of 8 OCTETS (32 bits header size) refrence: WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS by William Stallings Second Edition pg 91(see fig)
tcp
TCP and UDP are transport layer protocols; the OSI layer is layer 4 (transport)
A setgement, which is also known as a TCP segment is something that is created based on an application layer of data. An IP datagram is something generated which contains the TCP segment. The segment is located in the payload section.
HTTP
TCP Breaks User Data Into Segments, Numbers Each Segment, Places Them In The Correct Sequence, And Sends Each In Order, Waiting For An Acknowledgement Before Sending The Next Segment.
code bits
TCP doesn't immediately acknowledge every single received TCP segment. If a single segment is received it is necessary to wait for 100-200ms on the assumption that the receiving application will probably generate a response of some kind. But if there is delay in sending acknowledgement by the receiver then the network is delayed.
no
It indicates the "number of bytes the device is willing to accept".
The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.
to enable a receiving host to forward the data to the appropriate application
TCP Breaks User Data Into Segments, Numbers Each Segment, Places Them In The Correct Sequence.
Both TCP and UDP have origin and destination ports - and that is about all the similarity there is between the two. TCP has several other fields that UDP doesn't have, including window size; a consecutive byte numbering (to figure out where to place a TCP segment in a data stream); the bytes that the other side is expected to send; and others.
The PDU (protocol data unit) @ transport layer (e.g. TCP or UDP) is called as 'segment' .