In the transport layer, connection establishment typically occurs through a process called the three-way handshake, where the client and server exchange SYN (synchronize) and ACK (acknowledge) packets to initiate a session. This process ensures that both parties are ready to communicate and agree on initial sequence numbers. Connection release is often performed using a four-way handshake, where one party sends a FIN (finish) packet to terminate the session, and the other party acknowledges this with an ACK before sending its own FIN, which is subsequently acknowledged. This ensures a graceful termination of the connection, allowing for proper data transmission completion and resource cleanup.
transport layer
Layer 4 (Transport)
UDP
Briefly discuss the functions of transport layer.
its depend on which protocol used in transport layer
application presentation session **transport network The transport layer of the osi model
Transport layer is the fourth layer in the OSI model. Transport layer is responsible for process to process delivery of entire message. Other than that it also control connection, flow of data and error , thus will resend the packet if it get lost in between.
physical layer Data Link Layer Network Layer Transport layer session layer Presentation layer Application layer
UDP is a Transport layer protocol or fourth layer protocol. UDP is a connection less protocol used in transport layer. UDP header have four fields in total .
transport layer
transport
In a virtual circuit network, there is an end-to-end connection in the sense that each router along the path must maintain state for the connection; hence the terminology connection service. In a connection-oriented transport service over a connectionless network layer, such as TCP over IP, the end systems maintain connection state, but the routers have no notion of any connections; hence the terminology connection-oriented service.