Port is a Spanish /Portuguese wine That is much sweeter than most other red wines. For this reason Port can enpart a "sweetness" to a dish that a red table wine cannot. Port "reductions" are found in a lot of dessert applications... I would say an adequate substitute for port used for cooking would be adding sugar to any dark red table wine (cabernet savignon, Shiraz, chianti, merlot, etc.)... 1 cup Port = 1 cup red table wine(+2 Tbsp sugar)...
You could substitute rice vinegar for cooking sherry. Rice vinegar has a mild, sweet flavor.
There is not a substitute for treacle. This has to do with cooking.
A suitable flour substitute for roux in cooking is cornstarch.
Lemon juice is a good substitute for vinegar in cooking recipes.
A good cooking substitute for white wine is chicken or vegetable broth.
A good substitute for epazote in cooking is a combination of dried oregano and fresh cilantro.
A substitute for parsley in cooking can be cilantro, chives, basil, or mint, depending on the dish you are preparing.
Rice vinegar is a good non-alcoholic substitute for mirin in cooking.
A suitable substitute for carom seeds in cooking recipes is cumin seeds.
flour
Lemon or lime zest can be used as a substitute for kaffir lime leaves in cooking.
Lemon or lime zest can be used as a substitute for makrut lime leaves in cooking.