If you mean dry thyme for fresh thyme, then plan for 1/3 as much dry as fresh. If the recipe calls for 3 tsp of fresh thyme, use 1 tsp of dry.
Fresh chives can be a suitable substitute for dry chives in a recipe.
A dry port, marsala, a dry sherry or even beef stock may be used as a substitute to madeira.
You can substitute dry sherry, white wine, or chicken or vegetable broth for dry Marsala wine in a recipe.
yes
You can substitute regular milk or non-dairy milk for dry milk in bread recipes.
A suitable dry milk powder substitute for baking recipes is powdered coconut milk.
A suitable nonfat dry milk substitute for baking recipes is powdered coconut milk.
You can substitute regular milk or non-dairy milk for dry milk in a bread machine recipe.
A suitable substitute for nonfat dry milk in a recipe is powdered coconut milk or powdered soy milk.
You can substitute dry sherry or mirin for Shaoxing wine in your recipe.
The conversion rate between mustard powder and prepared mustard is about 3. This would mean that you must use 3 times as much real mustard to substitute the powder. IE, 5ml (1 tsp) powder = 15ml (1 tbsp) prepared mustard.
bacon or any dry cured ham