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Minerals are simple inorganic nutrients which can be obtained from our diet. Minerals do not provide energy but are vital for the various functions of the body. Major minerals called macrominerals are required in relatively large quantities. Examples of macrominerals are calcium, magnesium and sodium.If a particular mineral is deficient in a person's diet, the normal health and metabolism of that person can be affected. For example, calcium which can be found in milk, cheese, vegetables and grains helps in bone and tooth formation and is needed in muscles and nerve transmission. Besides, green leafy vegetables and meat contain magnesium which activate most types of enzymes in protein synthesis and maintain normal functions of muscles and nerves. The sources of iron include liver, egg yolk meat, legumes, and vegetables. Iron is one of the component of haemoglobin needed for oxygen transport in blood. Therefore, lack of iron in the diet will lead to anaemia and reduce resistance to infection. On the other hand, microminerals are required in trace amounts of less than 20 mg per day. Examples of microminerals are cobalt, fluorine, and manganese.

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