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Table sugar is a carbohydrate. It is made up of sucrose molecules.

Carbohydrates do not break down table sugar, which is itself a carbohydrate. Table sugar is sucrose, a type of carbohydrate called a disaccharide, and is composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose chemically combined to one another. Enzymes break down carbohydrates. In the case of sucrose, the enzyme sucrase, in conjunction with the enzyme α-dextrinase, breaks sucrose down into the individual molecules of glucose and fructose, which can then be used by cells in cellular respiration.

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