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Assume you stain Bacillus by applying malachite green with heat and then counterstaining with safranin Through the microscope the green structures are?
Bacillus cells stained with malachite green and safranin will appear red under the microscope due to the counterstaining with safranin. Malachite green primarily stains the spores of Bacillus while safranin stains the rest of the cell, resulting in red-stained vegetative cells and green-stained spores.
How long does it take to do a gram positive stain?
A gram positive stain typically takes about 1-2 minutes to perform. This involves applying crystal violet stain, followed by iodine solution, decolorizing with alcohol, and counterstaining with safranin.
How is counter staining used in the process of immunohistochemistry to enhance the visualization of specific cellular components?
Counterstaining is used in immunohistochemistry to provide contrast and enhance the visualization of specific cellular components. It involves applying a different colored dye to the sample, which binds to different structures than the primary antibody used to detect the target antigen. This helps to distinguish the specific cellular components of interest from the background, making them easier to identify and analyze under a microscope.
If Congo red is used instead of safranin in the gram stain technique what would happen?
Using Congo red instead of safranin in the Gram stain technique would not provide accurate results. Safranin is essential for counterstaining gram-negative bacteria, whereas Congo red would not differentiate between gram-positive and gram-negative cells due to its staining properties. This would lead to incorrect classification of bacteria in the Gram stain.
Why is heat used in schaeffer-fulton and zeihl-neelsen stain?
Heat is used in the Schaeffer-Fulton and Ziehl-Neelsen staining methods to facilitate the penetration of the dye into bacterial cells, particularly those with thick, waxy cell walls, such as Mycobacterium species. In these methods, heat helps to drive the primary stain (malachite green for Schaeffer-Fulton and carbol fuchsin for Ziehl-Neelsen) into the spores or mycobacterial cells. This heat treatment also enhances the staining process by making the cell wall more permeable, ensuring that the dye adheres effectively during subsequent washing and counterstaining steps.
Rules in gram staining?
All cocci are gram (+) except Neisseria, Branhamella, Moraxella and Veilonella. All bacilli are gram (-) except Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Listeria, Clostridium, Bacillus, Erysipelothrix, and Nocardia. All spirals are gram (-)
Why is counterstaining necessary when using a differential staning technique such as the gram stain?
The counter-stain allows you to see all the structures that were not stained with the primary stain. Without the counter-stain, all you would see is the purple-stained structures (nucleus, some cytoplasmic proteins), but you would have a difficult time observing the cell membrane and many cytoplasmic structures.
What are the Advantages and disadvantaged of a pap stain?
Advantages: Nuclear chromatin detail are well presented together with cytoplasmic counterstaining and cytoplasmic transparancy is obtained.Disadvantages: Need for rapid fixation to preserve nuclear features, cells can float off the slide, in prominent morulae formations like adenocarcenoma the dark nuclear staining obscures detailed nuclear morphology, thicker areas of the smear often artefactually take up orange stain.
How does the Gram stain work What is happening as each reagent is used?
The positive turn purple and the negative turns red-colored. The positive is purple because the stain is able to pass through the thick peptoglycan wall where as the negative is red/pink because the stain can't get through the thick lipid layer (Membrane) to get to the thin peptoglycan layer.
Why does alcohol decolorize gram negative bacteria?
Gram Negatice bacteria contain a cell membrane made up of thinner peptidoglycan layer plus a lipopolysaccharide layer, unlike gram positves bacteria's thick peptidoglycan layer. Alcohol delcolourizes gram negative bacteria because it disrupts the lipopolysaccharide and the crystal violet-iodine complex is able to now pass through the thin layer of peptidoglycan left leaving no crystal violet colour in the gram negatice bacteria that can now take up the red/pink colour of the safranin introduced be the subsequent counterstaining procedure.
What would be the appearance of the gram positive bacterium if you forget to counterstain with safranin?
If you forget to counter stain color of Gram positive would be violet or blue . The above answer is good. Here is why the above answer is good. Yes it would still be Violet or blue. Gram positive bacteria are gram positive, because it holds onto the crystal violet stain that washes out of gram negative bacteria. Counterstaining with safranian turns gram negative bacteria pink to red only because the crystal violet has washed out of the gram negative. The lighter safranian has little to no effect on gram positive bacteria. The cause of the difference has to do with the makeup of the cell wall in the different bacteria.
Explain the mechanism of gram staining?
The slide is colored with purple and red stains, then examined under a microscope. The color of stain picked up and retained by the bacteria (purple or red), their shape (such as round or rectangle), and their size provide valuable clues to their identity
