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Assume you stain Bacillus by applying malachite green with heat and then counterstaining with safranin Through the microscope the green structures are?
Bacillus cells stained with malachite green and safranin will appear red under the microscope due to the counterstaining with safranin. Malachite green primarily stains the spores of Bacillus while safranin stains the rest of the cell, resulting in red-stained vegetative cells and green-stained spores.
How long does it take to do a gram positive stain?
A gram positive stain typically takes about 1-2 minutes to perform. This involves applying crystal violet stain, followed by iodine solution, decolorizing with alcohol, and counterstaining with safranin.
How is counter staining used in the process of immunohistochemistry to enhance the visualization of specific cellular components?
Counterstaining is used in immunohistochemistry to provide contrast and enhance the visualization of specific cellular components. It involves applying a different colored dye to the sample, which binds to different structures than the primary antibody used to detect the target antigen. This helps to distinguish the specific cellular components of interest from the background, making them easier to identify and analyze under a microscope.
If Congo red is used instead of safranin in the gram stain technique what would happen?
Using Congo red instead of safranin in the Gram stain technique would not provide accurate results. Safranin is essential for counterstaining gram-negative bacteria, whereas Congo red would not differentiate between gram-positive and gram-negative cells due to its staining properties. This would lead to incorrect classification of bacteria in the Gram stain.
What is the gramstain of enteric?
Enteric bacteria are typically Gram-negative, meaning they do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining procedure and appear pink or red after counterstaining. This classification includes a wide range of bacteria found in the intestinal tract, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Some enteric bacteria, like certain species of Enterococcus, can be Gram-positive. However, the majority are Gram-negative and are characterized by a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
can you see methylene blue as your counterstaining the gram stain proceure?
Yes, methylene blue can be used as a counterstain in the Gram staining procedure, although it is not the most common choice. Typically, safranin is used for this purpose, staining Gram-negative bacteria pink. However, methylene blue can provide a contrasting color, allowing for clearer differentiation between Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (blue) bacteria. This alternative can be particularly useful in certain specific applications or educational settings.
What physical part if the bacteria is responsible for the color difference at the end of the gram staining process?
The color difference at the end of the Gram staining process is primarily due to the bacterial cell wall structure, specifically the peptidoglycan layer. In Gram-positive bacteria, which have a thick peptidoglycan layer, the crystal violet stain is retained, resulting in a purple color. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane, which does not retain the crystal violet after decolorization, leading to a red or pink color after counterstaining with safranin.
What is a gram stain and how can results identify eubacteria?
A Gram stain is a laboratory technique used to classify bacteria into two major groups based on their cell wall composition: Gram-positive and Gram-negative. In this process, bacteria are stained with crystal violet and iodine, followed by a decolorization step and counterstaining with safranin. Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet dye, appearing purple, while Gram-negative bacteria do not and appear pink due to the safranin. This differentiation helps identify eubacteria, as their structural characteristics can indicate specific groups and inform treatment options.
Why is heat used in schaeffer-fulton and zeihl-neelsen stain?
Heat is used in the Schaeffer-Fulton and Ziehl-Neelsen staining methods to facilitate the penetration of the dye into bacterial cells, particularly those with thick, waxy cell walls, such as Mycobacterium species. In these methods, heat helps to drive the primary stain (malachite green for Schaeffer-Fulton and carbol fuchsin for Ziehl-Neelsen) into the spores or mycobacterial cells. This heat treatment also enhances the staining process by making the cell wall more permeable, ensuring that the dye adheres effectively during subsequent washing and counterstaining steps.
Rules in gram staining?
All cocci are gram (+) except Neisseria, Branhamella, Moraxella and Veilonella. All bacilli are gram (-) except Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Listeria, Clostridium, Bacillus, Erysipelothrix, and Nocardia. All spirals are gram (-)
Why is counterstaining necessary when using a differential staning technique such as the gram stain?
The counter-stain allows you to see all the structures that were not stained with the primary stain. Without the counter-stain, all you would see is the purple-stained structures (nucleus, some cytoplasmic proteins), but you would have a difficult time observing the cell membrane and many cytoplasmic structures.
What are the Advantages and disadvantaged of a pap stain?
Advantages: Nuclear chromatin detail are well presented together with cytoplasmic counterstaining and cytoplasmic transparancy is obtained.Disadvantages: Need for rapid fixation to preserve nuclear features, cells can float off the slide, in prominent morulae formations like adenocarcenoma the dark nuclear staining obscures detailed nuclear morphology, thicker areas of the smear often artefactually take up orange stain.
