The surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia under Lee at Appomattox Court House.
The south generally didn't make as much supplies and arms as the north because the north had the industrial revolution which allowed things to be made faster and cheaper instead of having to have each handmade by a gunsmith. Also, the south around that time were busy growing and selling cotton on large plantations.
It allowed southern children to get an education, but segregation made it expensive.
Churchs
Lincoln wanted to keep the border states in the Union.
Abolitionists pressured Lincoln to end the slavery after the start of the Civil War in 1861. These pressures also affected Lincoln to declare the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863.
He wanted to avoid war and keep the nation together. He tried to compromise, thinking he could find a peaceful way to prevent war and secession. When he realized that war was inevitable, and it would be violent and bloody, he decided that the post war United States of America should be a free nation with no slaves. That the deaths and killing in the Civil War should be for a purpose, and to end slavery in the USA once and for all.