What was the leader of India after the British rule ended?

Answer 1

British left India in a devastating condition. There were hardly any industry except for cotton and jute textile and a tiny steel plant. There was no electricity except for the major cities. Only 15 percent of the people were educated. Millions of people were killed in riots during the partition of India and at least 16 million people came to India from Pakistan, created by the British, as destitute refugees.

After the British left many changes came in India like The woman were given right to vote, India's rules were established on 26 Jan 1951. Woman were given share in the property of their parents. and the most important Indians came to know the value of independence

Most important changes took place after 1954 when the Soviet Union offered everything to India to implement the dream of a Socialistic Pattern of Society of Nehru. All major industries, space, nuclear, aircraft, steel plants, oil field discoverioes all took place after the implementations of the India's Five Years Plan, designed after the Soviet Five Years Plan. Major irrigation system were developed. In 1989 Banks were nationalised to provide loans even to the very poor artisans and farmers

As a result, by 1975 India became self sufficient in manufacturing; India was then importing only raw materials and Natural Resources which India did not have enough. At least 70 percent of the people became educated with more than 90 percent of the children going to schools. India also has the Green Revolution, by which India became a food surplus country.

However, in 1991, India went bankrupt in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union which used to absorb 25 percent of Indias exports and used to supply everything with 50 years interest free credits payable either by India's exports. In 1991, India had the dire prospect to pay everything by foreign currency and to create new market for its export. World Bank and International Monetary Fund took that opportunity to destroy India's Five Years Planning and imposed a capitalist system of privatisation of state industries and banks in return for financial help.

Since 1991, India has capitalistic development with increasing borrowings from the West which has created high inflation but strong financial growth without much prospect for the poor. India is no longer self sufficient. Free trade also has the result that China has destroyed over 26 percent of the Indian manufacturing employments. There are increasing inequality and offensive display of wealth of the India's mega rich business community when the majority of the people suffers from poverty.