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A restriction enzyme (also known as restriction endonuclease) is protein which cuts DNA up at specific sequences (called restriction sites) in a genome. For example, the commonly used restriction endonuclease EcoRI recognizes every DNA sequence GAATTC and cuts at the point between the guanine and the adenine in that sequence, forming blunt ends (or straight, even ends). Interestingly and coincidentially, the restriction site for most restriction enzymes are genetic palindromes (the sequence reads exactly the same backwards on the complementary strand). In the case of EcoRI, the two complementary DNA strands for the restriction site are:

5'-- GAATTC --3'

3'-- CTTAAG --5'

After this DNA sequence is cut, it might look something like this:

5'-- G AATTC --3'

3'-- C TTAAG --5'

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