Power Output / [(1/Thermal Efficiency) - 1], where Thermal Efficiency = 1 - Tc/Th
The efficiency of a carnotcucle is the maximum obtainable efficiency of a work process between 2 temperatures T(high) and T(low)
The efficiency is: 1-{T(low)/T(high)}
This inefficiency can be attributed to three causes. There is an overall theoretical limit to the efficiency of any heat engine due to temperature, called the Carnot efficiency. Second, specific types of engines have lower limits on their efficiency due to the inherent irreversibility of the engine cycle they use. Thirdly, the non ideal behaviour of real engines, such as mechanical friction and losses in the combustion process causes further efficiency losses.OR· friction of moving parts· inefficient combustion· heat loss from the combustion chamber· departure of the working fluid from the thermodynamic properties of an ideal gas· aerodynamic drag of air moving through the engine· energy used by auxiliary equipment like oil and water pumps· inefficient compressors and turbines· imperfect valve timing
Thermodynamics is a study of monitoring heat rate in fluids. This helps you to assess the rate at which certain fluids heat up when exposed to warm tempratures.
Efficiency = (860.4*100)/(Heat rate in kCal/kWh) or Efficiency = (860.4*4.18*100)/(Heat rate in kJ/kWh) Ex 1: if heat rate is 2500 kCal/kWh, then efficiency is 34.416% Ex 2: if heat rate is 9000 kJ/kWh, then efficiency is 39.96%
usually metals or conductors get the heat energy from the heat. the heat transfer the particles in the conductors which causes it to heat up in a faster rate to get it hot.
when is heat transferred?
Yes , its a quasi equilibrium process so heat is added slowly
no even it will increase the out put heat
230BHP as rate out of magazines. Maximum output unknown by me
Divide heat added to the boiler between feedwater inlet and steam outlet by the kilowatt output of the generator at the generator terminals. Rate expressed in btu. See article.
This inefficiency can be attributed to three causes. There is an overall theoretical limit to the efficiency of any heat engine due to temperature, called the Carnot efficiency. Second, specific types of engines have lower limits on their efficiency due to the inherent irreversibility of the engine cycle they use. Thirdly, the non ideal behaviour of real engines, such as mechanical friction and losses in the combustion process causes further efficiency losses.OR· friction of moving parts· inefficient combustion· heat loss from the combustion chamber· departure of the working fluid from the thermodynamic properties of an ideal gas· aerodynamic drag of air moving through the engine· energy used by auxiliary equipment like oil and water pumps· inefficient compressors and turbines· imperfect valve timing
as it is rate of change of output voltage..so it affect amplifier output
Cardiac output = heart rate X stroke volume Thus, if the heart rate decreases so will the cardiac output, assuming the stroke volume is constant.
Heat Rate is an expression of the conversion efficiency of power generating engines or collectively plants. The typical unit for this is Btu/kWh, or British Thermal Units per kilowatt hour. For example 8,000 Btu/kWh means that 8,000 Btu of heat energy which is input into the engine will result in conversion to 1 kWh of electricity. The heat energy is of course input into the plant by combustion of many different types of fuels. It should not be misunderstood that using different fuels for the same engine will result in different Heat Rates for the engine. However the Heat Rate may be kept constant or even improved marginally by ensuring the engine is always properly maintained so that all working components are working at their peak efficiency. Obviously a poorly maintained engine will result in a deterioration of its Heat Rate, which means that more fuel will have to be burnt to generate the same amount of electricity. It is easy to understand why investors in power generation projects look at Heat Rate as a key indicator of the profitability of the plant concerned.
It is also known as operating rate. Formula is actual input minus potential output over potential output, multiplied by 100 utilization rate.
cardiac output
cardiac output is heart rate multiplied by stroke volume,
either to friction (heat, sound, light) or to internal mechanical changesAnother AnswerPower doesn't 'go' anywhere! Power is simply a 'rate': the rate at which the machine is doing work. If the machine isn't doing work by supplying a mechanical load, then it's output power is zero. However, energy still has to be provided to overcome the losses due to heat transfer from the machine, friction, windage, etc. The rate at which this energy is supplied to the motor is the power of the machine off load.