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In recent years India is experiencing a rapid economic growth, especially after the 1990s when

it started to liberalize its economy in a full scale. However, the author emphasizes the critical

importance of the preceded 1980s when Indian agricultural sector registered a high growth rate. The

Green Revolution in India started in the late 1960s and with its success India attained food

self-sufficiency within a decade. However, this first wave of the Green Revolution was largely

confined in wheat crop and in northern India, resulting in a limited contribution to overall economic

development of the country. On the contrary, the agricultural growth in the 1980s involved almost all

the crops including rice and covered the whole country, it enabled to raise rural income and alleviate

rural poverty substantially. Such a rise of rural India as a market for non-agricultural products and

services was an important pre-requisite for the rapid economic growth based on non-agricultural

sectors‟ development in India after the 1990s. The 1980s was a critical decade for South Asia and

Sub-Saharan Africa to make a great divergence in the economic development thereafter. The

implication for Sub-Saharan Africa is that raising income in rural areas through productivity growth

of agricultural sector, especially the staple food sector, is essential for the success of economic

development through industrialization

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