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Zoroastrianism probably began in Persia (modern-day Iran) several centuries before the birth of Christ; the first written records of it come from Herodotus in the 5th Century B.C. Zoroastrianism was the official religion of the Achaemenid and Sassanid Empires, after whose collapse it was marginalized, most significantly by the spread of Islam.

Zoroastrians were often very resistant to conversion to Islam, but the persecution became forceful enough after awhile that there were few realistic choices other than converting and leaving. Many Persian and Central Asian Zoroastrians fled to India.

India, today, has the largest Zoroastrian population of any country. The second-largest population and most Zoroastrian religious authorities remain in Iran. Substantial numbers live in other South Asian countries, as well as the United States and the United Kingdom. In all, there are between 200,000 and 300,000 Zoroastrians in the world.

Another cause for Zoroastrianism's decline, in addition to persecution, has been its objections to proselytizing. Indian Zoroastrians believe that acts intended to convert are criminal and merit expulsion. Though Iranian Zoroastrians are more open to the idea, the Islamic government of Iran will not allow it. Nevertheless, the World Christian Encyclopedia calculated that Zoroastrian population grew by 2.65% from 1990 to 2000, substantially faster than any other religion.

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14y ago

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