CPR

Directly over the heart, right between the nipples.

Next call 911 or the local emergency number.

So the electric currents from the AED do not transfer from the victim to yourself, thus, you yourself becoming a victim of shock if exposed to the currents.

Ventilation perfusion ratio is an indicator of how well the oxygen we breathe in is being transported through the lungs and into the blood system. A change from the normal value can indicate a disease/illness process that is causing less oxygen to get into the blood stream. Since our cells need oxygen in order to survive, this would obviously be a problem

The recommended rate is between 100-120 compressions per minute, so that works out to about one-and-a-half to two compressions per second

For an adult, compress the chest 1 1/2 - 2 inches.

CPR ratio is 30 compressions, 2 breaths.

USE CPR ON AN ADULT WHEN THEY ARE UNRESPONSIVE; ON A CHILD AND INFANT USE CPR WHEN THERE IS NO PULSE.

An AED should be used during cardiac arrest.

After 5 cycles

When you give a breath you have to see the chest rise if not reposition the head and try again

Too far and you may severely damage bones and organs, not enough and the compressions may not be effective.

(The breaking of some ribs during CPR is somewhat expected, but you don't want to crush organs or anything like that.)

Generally speaking, no. CPR is essentially a maintenance procedure designed to keep oxygenated blood flowing in the body while the heart is stopped, to keep the person from actually dying before medical personnel can try to restart the heart.

CPR can, occasionally, get the heart from a not-beating-at-all state to one where a defibrillator can be used to shock the heart back into a normal rhythm. But people who aren't actually medical professionals but have CPR training are usually just trying to extend the amount of time that the person can be revived until a doctor/EMT arrives.

Connect 12lpm or 15lpm of oxygen to the mask. Make sure the bag at the end inflates. Connect the bag/valve to the correct mask size and press it over the child's mouth and nose. Squeeze the bag and make sure the child's chest rises. Continue to breathe for them until they breathe on their own or you arrive at a hospital.

Remember children breathe faster than adults.

1 1/2 to 2 inches

It is not recommended that child pads be used on an adult; but it appears in the latest ECC 2010 conference there is leeway in using adult pads on children. If child pads are used on an adult (if for example no other pads are available nor will be available for a period of time I would use them on an adult..... what choice, in reality, would I have?) they would be placed in the same location; upper right on chest and lower left on the ribs.

To perform 1 rescuer CPR for an adult with no pulse, put both hands on their chest and compress 2 inches in depth 30 times. After 30 compresses, give 2 gentle breaths into the mouth while pinching their nose.

# How large is the wound? # What type of damage has the gunshot caused? # Is there any arterial bleeding or veinous only? # How long ago was the victim shot? # How much blood has the victim already lost? # Can the bleeding be controlled? All these questions would provide different scenarios as to whether or not the victim has any chance at all of surviving the gunshot. In most cases if the victim has been shot and there is arterial damage the victim will bleed out in too short a time to allow for any resuscitation. However, if the bleeding can be controlled then it might be possible to save them. If this information cannot be determined then it is always better to ere on the side of caution and attempt CPR. If the victim is dead you aren't going to hurt them by performing CPR, however, if they stand a chance at survival CPR might be the one crucial piece in giving them enough time to get to the hospital where they can receive professional medical attention. ---- As a First responder, it is not your decision to decide whether to do CPR or not - if the patient is not breathing and has no pulse the first aider will perform CPR regardless of the injuries, (give the patient the benifit of the doubt, give them a chance of living)!

3 compressions to 1 breath, or 90 compressions to 30 breaths on a per minute basis.

For two rescuer infant CPR; one rescuer should give the breaths, the other rescuer performs compressions using the 2 thumbs encircling hands technique. Give cycles of 15 compressions and 2 breaths.

Listen for breathing sounds coming out of the mouth and nose. Look for other body movements down the long axis of the body. Note skin color as well for an additional indicator. Look, listen and feel are the key points.

If the casualty is an adult then start with compressions.

If the casualty is an adult, but has come out of water then 5 rescue breaths should be given before the usual 30/2 is given.

If the casualty is a child or infant out of water or not you should start with 5 rescue breaths then continue with the usual 30/2.

Next steps for lay rescuer:

1. Confirm 911 has been called

2. Look in mouth and if you do not see the object go to 4

3. If object seen, finger sweep the mouth & remove object

4. Attempt to ventilate 2 breaths

5. If breaths don't go in, do CPR chest compressions 30 times

6. Repeat steps 2 - 5 until breaths go in

7. When breaths go in, start CPR immediately 30 compressions to 2 breaths

30:2

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