Isotopes

The isotope is named "carbon-12".

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5s6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2, or more concisely [Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2.

Francium occurs naturally, although extremely rare. It can and is made in labs. Although it is considered a naturally occurring element, there is only about one ounce of it in the Earth's crust at any one time. Scientists reproduce it in labs so they can study it, ect. So little is known about Francium now; if we didn't reproduce it in labs we would know next to nothing about it.

Technetium-99 is commonly used in medical imaging procedures, particularly in nuclear medicine scans. It is utilized in bone scans, kidney scans, and cardiac stress tests to help diagnose various medical conditions. Its short half-life and ability to emit gamma radiation make it a useful tracer for tracking the function of organs and tissues in the body.

they are different isotopes of copper 1 has 2 more neutrons than the other

Isotopes of zinc are: Zn-64 and Zn-66 to Zn-72.

92

Carbon-14 has more neutrons in its nucleus than does Carbon-12.

Carbon-14 is an isotope which is created when in our upper atmosphere from exposure to solar radiation. C-14 is a great deal less stable when compared to C-12 relative to the geometry of the particles in the nucleus so C-14 naturally decays by nuclear fission to the more stable isotope.

This all means that C-12 is able to latch onto 2 additional neutrons given the energy to do so, but the result is unstable.

I do not know enough more to go into the details of the geometric issues and I think you'd need to be well versed in this subject to understand the specifics anyway :)

NOTE: Carbon dating uses what we know about CO2 levels in the past and uses the rate of decay of C-14 to predict how old materials which came from photosynthesising plants/trees are. This is based on the fact that carbon dioxide is used in photosynthesis so when the plant/tree died and stopped doing this process the amount of C-14 would decay so we can work out when the plant/tree died.

The isotope of carbon is used to date the ancient fossils. Since every living creature had organic matter and carbon is an integral part of that organic matter, it is conventional to use carbon isotope.

The amount of the remaining radioactive isotopes it contains.

'Na' is the atomic notation of sodium. Hope this helps :)

== == Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons are called isotopes. See related links below for more information.

PlutOnium 239 is an element - plutOnium - with an atomic weight of 239.

Mercury has isotopes ranging from an atomic mass of 171 to 210. Of these, only 7 are stable and a further 5 have halflives longer than a halfday. The radioactive isotopes are: 171 to 195, 197, 205 to 210. Two of the stable isotopes also have unstable excited forms.

It can vary from tiny fractions of a second to several sextillion years.

Isotopes are used to determine the age of rock.

Roentgenium-272 has 161 neutrons.

Number of neutrons = Atomic mass of an isotope - Atomic number of the element

The atomic number of roentgenium is 111, but Rg has many isotopes each with a different atomic mass and number of electrons.

Carbon-14 is produced in the upper atmosphere when cosmic rays produce thermalised neutrons, by hitting atomic nuclei. If these thermalised neutrons then hits a Nitrogen neuclei it creates Carbon 14.

Isotopes have the same atomic number and different mass. This difference is due to different number of neutrons in them. That is why the mass of chlorine comes to be 35.5, a fraction.

"Un-Natural" isotopes are released by open air detonation of nuclear weapons; gases escaping from nuclear reactors; improper containment and storage of radio active wastes; use of isotopes for medical treatments (very low amounts emitted). "Natural" isotopes are released by volcanic activity, open pit and deep shaft mining, geothermal springs, oceanic floor rifts, created by collision with cosmic rays, ultraviolet decomposition or chemical re-arrangement of atmospheric molecular structures, etc.

The mass effect between deuterium and the relatively light protium affects the behavior of their respective chemical bonds, by means of changing the center of gravity (reduced mass) of the atomic systems. However, for heavier elements, which have more neutrons than lighter elements, the ratio of the nuclear mass to the collective electronic mass is far greater, and the relative mass difference between isotopes is much less. - See more at: http://www.chacha.com/question/what-cases-are-differences-between-isotopes-important#sthash.oOOVoNRU.dpuf

the differences in neutrons of the elements