Athens

Ancient Athens was destroyed by over a period of two thousand years time, neglect, looting and some parts by hostile action.

During the Persian invasion in 480 the Athenians evacuated the city and the Persians occupied it as a base of operations against the southern Greek cities opposing them. They destroyed the temples and statues of the gods in payback for Athens' part in destroying the temples and gods of the Persians in Sardis, Persian capital of Asia Minor, 18 years earlier by an Athens expeditionary force sent to support the revolt by the Ionian Greek cities.

However, apart from also looting Athens and pulling down the walls, the Persians left it intact as they wanted to use it in 480 and again in 479 BCE as a base for their invasion force.

Even the Spartan alliance did not destroy the city after it surrendered at the end of the Peloponnesian War 80 years later - they just destroyed the long walls to leave them vulnerable if Athens should attempt to create further trouble in the Greek world.

Various destructions, neglect and re-buildings occurred over the centuries. The Parthenon was intact until the 16th Century CE, when a French artillery officer serving in the Venetian siege expedition callously lobbed a shell into its roof to prove his marksmanship. It landed into a gunpowder magazine stored there by the defending Turks, and the resulting explosion collapsed the roof. Without this wanton action, the Parthenon would be intact today. The French do not have a good record in this - a similar incident during Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798 CE saw a French artillery officer show his machismo and skill by blowing the face off the Sphinx.

The pnix, devilishly annoying to pronounce The correct answer is bema

Pandion

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There is an increasing tendency for people to live in cities because of the amenities and work available there. This has become less attractive in Athens as their financial crisis has developed, but there is little alternative other than migration.

It implemented the decisions of the Assembly of the citizens and kept 50 on duty 24/7 to handle immediate problems as they arose.

From 448 BCE (end of the Persian threat) to 404 BCE (end of Athenian dominance in Greece).

It was 'golden' because Athens continued to collect the other city contributions (often by force) for the defence against Persia after the threat subsided. The funds were diverted to glorifying Athens through building and arts, and coincidentally putting half its citizens on the public payroll - a golden era in several ways.

The Athenian leader, Pericles, established nearly complete democracy. Pericles fostered Athenian democracy to such an extent that critics call him a populist. The wealth of Pericles family allowed him to pursue and education. He was interested in music and the arts.

Paul went to Athens, Greece and preached in the temple that was dedicated to the Greek gods and he shared the gospel of Jesus Christ with the Greek philosophers who were in the temple.

The children in ancient Athens were taken to the many scholars and teachers like Socrates , Aristotle, and Plato to study for a few years in their early life, as they believed education was like a religion in Greece.

At its height the population was about 250,000. About one third were slaves - men, women and children, worked in the farms, mines, households, fisheries and trades.

No, the juries were usually of 500 people, with no judges or lawyers to interfere. With about 35,000 citizens, it was effectively an opinion poll in today's terms.

It lasted form 479-431 B.C FROM: HEHE9

Telemachus

Athens abused its leadership of the Dalian League, formed to protect against the Persian Empire invasion. When Persia agreed to peace, Athens turned the 180-city league into an empire of its own, continuing to collect the war contributions by force and spending the money on itself - the Parthenon etc, keeping half its own citizens on the public payroll, and maintaining a navy to enforce the annual money collection.

It also used this power to interfere in other Geek cities outside its empire, eventually trying to bankrupt its neighbour Megara in a spiteful dispute. Megara was a member of the Sparta-led Peloponnesian League and called for support. An over-confident Athens refused to back off and the devastating Peloponnesian War ensued for 27 yeas, Athens losing and stripped of its empire, becoming a second rate power.

they had fought together and against each other

Yes, it is named after the Greek God Athena. Daughter of Zeus, as a mark of respect for the God of War and Wisdom.

It is unknown who was the first human to reach the location of Athens. The place is continuously inhabited for at least 4000 years.

Athens had a superior navy.

It also had long walls protecting the city and its port.

This allowed Athens to withstand seige indefinitely as it could import food.

It could also send out its fleet to attack the home cities of its adversaries and collect funds from its empire to finance the war and its supply.

43,000 citizens, 100,000 enslaved people, and 35,000 foreigners

(less important to more important) 1. Slaves 2. Freedmen 3. Metics 4. citizens, which subdivided into

thetes - (urban craftsmen and trireme rowers)

hoplites - (usually farmers who could afford infantry armor)

knights (aristocracy, traditionally defined as people who could afford to maintain war horses)

pentakosiomedemnoi - (super-wealthy citizens who could contribute to the city's defence by donating warships.)

The whole 9,000 warriors of the Athenian army ran back to Athens when, after defeating the Persian infantry, they realised that the Persian cavalry was being rowed around the peninsul to capture the city with traitors opening the gates for them. This 26 mile run got them back just in time to frustrate the scheme, and the Persians went home.

There is a story that Pheideppedes carried the news - he had been dead for a couple of weeks - he had been sent to Sparta to summon them to help and died after the 120 mile round trip, a great effort but not the Marathon run.

A better food and water supply

-Micah

Also They Had A better government and introduced philosophy Plato is a philosopher!

- KK

Rebuilt the palaces and temples on the Acropolis.

- Sloane

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