Alexander Cartwright made up baseball in about the 1700's. There is no real way to answer this question in this forum. Google baseball beginnings and decide for yourself as to the beginning of the modern game.

Neutron

Atoms which form covalent bonds do share electrons. An example would be the atoms in a water molecule. Yes, the electrons are really shared.

carbon has 12 neucleons and 6 protons so it has 12- 6= 6 neutrons

Basically think of it in 3D.

No.

The essence of an isotope is that all isotopes have the same number of protons in the nucleus, and thus the same number of electrons. What varies is the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

FALSE!!!!

A neutral atom must have the same number of protons and electrons.

The number of neutrons can vary, to form isotopes.

When the number of protons and electrons are different, they are no longer atoms but IONS.

If we take hydrogen as an example, it forms three isotopes.

#1 ; protium ; 1 proton, 0 neutrons and 1 electrons

#2 ; deuterium ; 1 proton , 1 neutron and 1 electron

#3 ; tritium ; 1 proton , 2 neutrons and 1 electron

Notice the protons and electrons are the same number, but the number of neutrons varies, between isotopes.

Neutrons.

The particles of an atom are: -

protons ; charge (+) relative mass is '1'

neutrons ; charge (0) relative mass is '1'

electrons ; charge (-) relative mass is '1/1860'.

For any given element the numbers of protons , neutrons and electrons will vary.

The element with 10 electrons when it forms a cation with a 1 plus charge is Neon (Ne). Neon has an atomic number of 10, which means it has 10 protons and 10 electrons. The cation is formed when an electron is removed from Neon, leaving it with 9 protons and 1 electron, giving it a 1+ charge.

• Neon's atomic number: 10
• Neon's electrons when forming a cation: 10
• Neon's protons when forming a cation: 9
• Neon's charge when forming a cation: 1+

Good Question. this principle was given by John Dalton. He might be the first one to use this phrase. thank you. sorry if am mistake. All the best.

To determine the number of atoms in one mole of MgCl2 (magnesium chloride), you can use Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/molecules per mole.

First, you need to calculate the molar mass of MgCl2.

Magnesium (Mg) has an atomic mass of approximately 24.31 g/mol.

Chlorine (Cl) has an atomic mass of approximately 35.45 g/mol (rounded to two decimal places).

Now, add the atomic masses of one magnesium atom and two chlorine atoms to find the molar mass of MgCl2:

MgCl2 molar mass = (1 x Mg atomic mass) + (2 x Cl atomic mass)

MgCl2 molar mass = (1 x 24.31 g/mol) + (2 x 35.45 g/mol)

MgCl2 molar mass = 24.31 g/mol + 70.90 g/mol

MgCl2 molar mass = 95.21 g/mol

So, the molar mass of MgCl2 is approximately 95.21 g/mol.

Now, using Avogadro's number, you can calculate the number of atoms in one mole of MgCl2:

Number of atoms in 1 mole of MgCl2 = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/molecules per mole

Now, divide this by the molar mass of MgCl2 (95.21 g/mol):

Number of atoms in 1 mole of MgCl2 = (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) / (95.21 g/mol)

Number of atoms in 1 mole of MgCl2 ≈ 6.32 x 10^21 atoms

So, there are approximately 6.32 x 10^21 atoms in one mole of MgCl2.

Molecular Formula

The formula for one molecule of carbon dioxide is CO2.

This tells us that there is one(1) atom of carbon and two(2) atoms of oxygen.

NB The '1' is never shown. Only numbers greater than '1' are shown.

Calcium nitrate has 9 atoms.

The formula for calcium nitrate is Ca(NO3)2

Hence there are two nitrogen (N) and 2 x 3 = 6 oxygens.

The bracketed moiety of nitrate followed by the '2', indicates that there are two(2) nitrate anions present.

More lengthily we could write it as O3N-Ca-NO3 , but this is very awkward, so chemists use brackets instead.

However, if it is a single element, then brackets are not used, e.g. calcium chloride CaCl2

true

Mercury is a metal element which is liquid at room temperature

Snail

This is the element Carbon.

Carbon has three isotopes, of which carbon -12 is the most common.

It is composed of : -

C-12 ; 6 protons, 6 neutrons, ( 6+6 = 12) and 6 electrons.

The other isotopes of carbon are#

C-13 ; 6 protons, 7 neutrons, ( 6+7=13) and 6 electrons

C-14 ; 6 protons, 8 neutrons, (6+8=14) and 6 electrons.

Tea is neither an element nor an atom. It's a complex mixture of various substances, primarily water, tea leaves, and other flavor compounds. Elements are the simplest substances, like oxygen or carbon, made up of only one type of atom. Atoms are the building blocks of matter. In tea, you'll find a combination of different atoms from elements like carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, forming molecules that give tea its unique taste and aroma. So, tea is a delightful blend of many atoms and molecules, making it a tasty beverage.

1 mole of any substance has 6.022 x 1023 atoms. Therefore, two moles would have

2 x 6.022 x 1023 atoms.

CaF2

In elemental form, eight sulfur atoms combine to form a cyclic octatomic molecule with covalent bonds between sulfur atoms in a ring structure. It has molecular formula S8, and is called Octasulfur. It is also the standard allotrope of sulfur.

The symbol of any isotope of carbon is 'C'

There three isotopes of carbon , they are 12.13.& 14.

They are usually shown as 'C-12', 'C-13' & C-14'.

However it is understood as 12C. 13C, & 14C. Although in this written form it can be seen as 12 moles of Carbon etc.,

C-12 is the commonest isotope of carbon

C-13 is used in C-13 magnetic resonce.

C-14 is radio active.