Cattle Reproduction

Bull sharks do give live birth and can have as many as 13 baby bulls.

Weaning process often takes 6 to 8 weeks for the calf and cow to completely be weaned from each other, no matter if you are separating the cow and calf so they don't hear or see each other, using fenceline weaning, nose-ring weaning, or doing natural weaning by letting the cow decide when to kick off her calf. When using an easy-wean nose ring, it's best to leave the ring in the calf's nose for 7 to 10 days before removing it when you have to actually separating the calf from his mother. When calves are separated from their dams by a fence or truck, the nursing stops cold-turkey right when the separation is complete. Nose-ring weaning process is less stressful on the calf, even though it's a little inconvenient for the producer to be running calves through the chute once a week, and having the chance of the occasional calf figuring out how to nurse with the nose-ring on. Fenceline weaning is also less stressful, but both fenceline and natural weaning are notably the least stressful weaning processes for cows/calves and the producer.

How are you defining "best"? Jerseys have high fat content/better flavour ('creamier'); Holsteins produce more milk per cow.

This depends on how she was bred. If she was bred by a good fertile bull, then no. But, if she was bred artificially (through artificial insemination), there's a 30% to 40% chance that she won't catch and will go into heat around 21 days after being bred.

Other factors, on the bull side, include that the bull may NOT have been a good fertile bull, but one that is infertile or unable to copulate to successfully settle her. Bulls like this are those that a) have poor conformation, or b) have not been semen tested recently.

On the AI side, there's a chance of human error, that the semen was deposited in the cow's bladder and not her uterus, or the semen was deposited not deep enough in the uterus, or that the ovum in the cow's fallopian tube died too soon and the sperm got there too late, as a result of breeding her a little late on schedule.

On the cow's side of the problem, she could have cystic ovaries, or is too old to be bred, or has been bred too soon after she has given birth, and consequently couldn't settle right away.

Even though cows can give birth at any time of the year, most cows in North America are bred to give birth between late winter to early spring. Lately, spring-summer calving is gaining popularity, but is still stastically smaller than late-winter-early-spring calving.

depends what your trying to do

if you are trying to restore a population of animals the selective breeding

if you are trying to make food then cloning

if your trying to make a specific trait then selective breeding

They should be fertile upon reaching puberty, and remain so throughout their lives.

It depends on you and what your plans are for the female and her calf and your experience with calving females. Often bred heifers are cheaper than bred cows, but they can be a pain in the rear when it comes down to calving, because they're predictably unpredictable. A bred cow will have more experience delivering and mothering up to a calf than a heifer will, and if you intend on keeping the calf for breeding (IF it's a heifer), then more often than not, if the cow's a good dam, the calf will be a good keeper. Not so for heifers: any calf that they birth should be raised for slaughter or sold, as they're not as good quality to keep for breeding purposes as her second, third, fourth, etc. calves will be. So it's all up to you.

A bred cow or a pregnant cow, or, in the dairy industry, just a cow. In sale barns, if she has a calf at side, she is also referred to as a 3-in-1 or a three-fer or suckling bred cow. If she's lactating, like in a beef or dairy herd, then she's called a nursing bred cow, lactating bred cow or bred lactating/milking dairy cow. If she's not nursing or lactating, she's called a dry bred cow non-lactating pregnant cow if you really want to get technical.

In the dairy industry, a lactating heifer that has already had her first calf is referred to as a first-calf heifer; once she has a second calf she is generally referred to as a cow. In the beef industry, a heifer that is pregnant with her first calf is called a bred heifer.

When the calves are first born the mothers will lick the mucus off of the calf's body until it is clean. This encourages the calf to attempt to stand and go find the udder. From that day forth they (the cows) watch out for them (the calves), let them suckle once ever 2 to 3 hours, babysit them, and teach them where to go, what to eat and that the person looking after them is someone to be respected. Cows also communicate with their calves whenever they get separated by bellering for each other. This voice recognition has been established at birth. Cows will also protect their calves by using their heads, feet and chests to crush and stomp on a predator that threatens their calves. Cows very often know the difference between their human owners and a predator like a wolf, a cougar a bear or a coyote, and those cows that know that humans are not a threat are docile around humans, but not around predators. Some cattle producers though, may have some cows that will show aggression towards a human because it's been ingrained in her, from what her mother has done (most likely) that humans can also be a threat and should not be trusted. (For producers who don't want aggressive cows in their herd, these types of cows should be culled, as well as their daughters, as it is often believed that aggression/docility towards humans can be genetically linked).

It is simply a lamb.

Are you asking about how many days it will take the cow to come into heat after calving, or how many days is it between heat periods? For the former, it's 45 to 80 days. For the latter, it's ~21 days.

Any time of the year: Winter, Spring, Summer or Fall. Most commonly calving occurs in mid-winter to early spring, or for most grass-fed cow-calf operations, mid-spring to early summer. It's not uncommon to have producers calving in the fall, either, but this tends to be more common in areas were cold winters and snow is not as much of a problem as it is in the Northern States like Montana and North Dakota, and the Canadian provinces.

Internal. Sperm from the bull is ejaculated inside the fornix vagina of the cow and the sperm travel to the fallopian tubes where an ovum is waiting to be fertilized.

Assuming you are referring to a cow that is 20 years old, then the answer to this question would be around 18 calves, if she's never had twins in her life. This is because it takes two years for a female, from birth to her first parturition, to grow old enough to produce a calf. After she has had her first calf she is able to produce an average of one calf per year. The number may be higher if she has had twins in her lifetime.

There is no such thing as a "female bull" nor a "male bull" especially in reference to cattle. Bulls are not a species of an animal, rather the name for the gender or sex of an animal, like bovines ("cows" or cattle), whales, moose, elk or bison. Bulls are males whereas cows are females.

UNLESS, however, you are talking about pit bulls, and by "bull" you are using this as a shortened name for such a breed of dog. Therefore, in order to answer your question, a female pit bull is called a bitch, and a male pit bull a dog.

They certainly do! Since a cow is a female mature bovine, that makes her able to possess female sex organs such as a vagina, a vulva, uterus, and ovaries in order to conceive and give birth to offspring. Heifers also have a vagina too because they are also female, though their vagina is often a bit of a smaller and younger version than a cow typically is. Freemartins have an even smaller vagina than either a heifer or cow.

An advantage of selective breeding is that producers can produce cows or bulls with characteristics that improve the breed or the herd itself, or produce more income for the producer when calves are sold. Selective breeding means herd improvement, on things such as milking ability, mothering ability, carcass quality, forage utilization efficiency, calving ease, stayability, birth weights, weaning weights, etc.

10 months

Some people wean at 6 or even 4 months old (but this has proven that foals weaned early are more likely to have vices) However, in the wild a foal will not be weaned until it is a year old, and if it is a filly, they may nurse for even longer. The best thing to do is to let the mare decide when to wean the foal, unless the mare is rapidly losing weight, in which case it would be healthier for the mare to wean the foal early.

She will produce milk for as long as 6 years without having to breed her again as long as she is milked properly every day.

While there are times that cows could be milked in private farms for extended periods of time, dairy cattle are typically bred in 10-14 month cycles in order to keep milk at a peak production rate.

Cows also run the risk of permanently drying up if they are not halted in progressive stages. Thus farmers often use artificial insemination every 12 months (9 months of pregnancy then 2-3 months of rest). This keeps the cows producing large amounts of milk.

The calf is either used to produce a new milk cow, or in the fate of almost all male calves is sold as veal meat. The average life expectancy of a milk cow is 15-20 years, so the cow is impregnated between 13 and 18 times.

It depends on the milk replacer given to the calf and the breed/age of the calf as well. Whatever milk replacer you buy, please follow the label and read the instructions rather than relying on a site like this for your answers. You won't get much accuracy from here as you will from the milk replacer formula you purchased or will purchase.

It's pretty common. The uterus is going to contract and get smaller.

It varies with breed, but 9 months (or ~285 days) is about average.

Bulls may mount her, however, there is not an egg present so she will not catch or become pregnant.