Century - 1700s

In the 1700s, Maryland was primarily a Catholic colony due to its founding by Lord Baltimore, who was a Catholic. However, there was also a significant Protestant population in Maryland during this time, leading to religious tensions and the eventual passage of the Maryland Toleration Act in 1649 to protect religious freedom for all Christians.

In the 1700s, the dominant religion varied by region. In Europe, Christianity, particularly Protestantism and Catholicism, was prominent. In the Middle East, Islam was prevalent. In South Asia, Hinduism and Islam were widely practiced.

The religion of England was what it always had been for the best part of seventeen centuries. The Church was Anglican and the religion was Catholic. Not Roman Catholic but the religion of the Church of the First Thousand years, before the split between east and west. The religion of the Revelation of Christ, Scripture and the Seven Ecumenical Councils!

In the 1700s, the main religion in Maryland was Christianity, with most residents being either Roman Catholic or Anglican (Church of England) due to the colonial history. Maryland was founded as a refuge for Catholics, and religious freedom was later extended to include other Christian denominations.

In the 1700s, Maryland had a diverse religious landscape, but the dominant religions were Anglicanism and Catholicism. Maryland was initially founded as a safe haven for Catholics by Lord Baltimore, but over time, Protestants, particularly Anglicans, became more prominent in the colony. Religious diversity and tolerance were key principles in Maryland due to the Maryland Toleration Act of 1649.

The dominant religion of Boston in the 1700s was/is known as Congregationalism. Congregationalist congregations use to be the Puritans and Pilgrims you so often hear about in early American history courses. Puritans and Pilgrims not their identities from whether they wanted to reform the Church of England or if they wanted to actually separate from the Church of England. However, after a century in the New World these old distinctions became things of the past and the two groups along with other immigrants created a new denominational structure where each individual church INDEPENDENTLY governed itself in all affairs, hence the name Congregationalists because the congregants of each church were their own rulers. Hence Congregationalists became known for their "free churches and free pulpits". Most of these congregations started out as reformed Anglicans but gradually embraced Calvinistic theological positions. However, because each pulpit in the congregation was free from being governed by any larger denominational leaders, some Congregationalist churches became very liberal starting about 1750, especially around the greater Boston/Cambridge area. Slowly a split developed between the more orthodox congregations and the more liberal churches. Eventually, the more liberal churches evolved to the point they adopted a unitarian theological position and denied the divinity of Christ. By 1825, the split became complete when the liberal churches left the Congregationalist denomination and formed a new Unitarian denomination. From probably about 1770 onward, most Boston congregations were unitarian in theology although still considered Congregationalist denominationally. (I'm only a semi-expert on this topic, but that is a much better answer than the previous one. Any improvements are welcome.)

Most of the major religions that are around today were already around in the 1700s. Various branches of Christianity existed including Catholics, Lutherans, Baptists, and Anglicans. In Western Europe, Calvinism was much more popular and prominent in the 1700s than today. In Eastern Europe, particularly in Greece and Russia, the Eastern Orthodox Church was in place. A small but ancient Druidic order continued to exist in Ireland and parts of England. Christianity, primarily Catholicism, had by then been prosletyzed throughout Europe, North and South America, Australia, and parts of Asia and Africa. However, this was prior to the growth of colonization in the Americas, and North and South American Indians continued to worship various tribal gods, and to believe in an overarching spiritual continuity between them. In Africa, elements of Christianity and Islam were absorbed and incorporated into many localized tribal religions. Judaism existed in Europe, where the Inquisition and similar programs of persecution had driven its numbers down. It also existed in parts of the Middle East, but the major religion of the Middle East was Islam, which was already long divided into Sunni and Shiite groups, along with Sufism. Hinduism and Buddhism were major religions in India, and Sikhism had developed in areas where Hinduism and Islam interacted. Shinto was the predominant religion of Japan. Outside of organized religions, Pantheism, which is a general belief that God is the same as the universe, arose in Europe early in the century. Deism, which is a general belief in God but denying the miraculous accounts of the Bible or other religious texts, already existed and became very popular in the 1700s, guiding many thinkers of both the American and the French Revolutions. Atheism was very rare in this century. Nontheistic concepts which did not yet exist (or at least which had not been formally named and examined) in the 1700s include Panentheism (coined in 1828), Pandeism (coined in 1859), and Agnosticism (coined in 1869). Organized religions that did not exist at all in the 1700s include Mormonism, not founded until the 1830s, Baha'i, founded in the 1840s, Jehovah's Witnesses, which began in the 1870s, the fictional Cult of Cthulhu, written about in the 1920s, and Scientology, which started in the 1950s. Wicca was not developed as a religion until the 1900s, but some people did at least attempt to practice witchcraft.

Many 1700s American slaves spoke African languages such as Igbo, Yoruba, and Twi, as well as creole languages such as Gullah and Creole. Over time, English became more dominant as slaves were forced to communicate with their English-speaking masters.

In the 1700s, slave education was typically forbidden or severely limited by slave owners in order to maintain control and prevent slaves from seeking liberation. Some slaves were secretly taught to read and write by sympathetic individuals, but formal education for slaves was rare.

Schooling in the 1700s was often limited and not widely available to all children. It typically involved small schools run by local communities or churches, with basic education focusing on reading, writing, and arithmetic. Curriculum and teaching methods varied greatly depending on the region and the resources available.

New Jersey was a Middle colony, therefore, it had Latin grammer schools. It also had private schools and Colleges. The best known of these was Princeton University, founded in 1747 by the Presbyterians, and Rutgers, founded in 1766 by the Dutch Reformed.

In the 1700s, education in England was primarily available to wealthy boys. They would attend private schools or receive tutoring from private tutors. Girls and children from poorer families often did not have access to formal education and would instead learn basic skills at home.

In the 1700s, education was primarily for the wealthier classes and focused on classical languages, literature, and philosophy. Schools were often private or church-run, with limited access for lower-income individuals and girls. Discipline was strict, and teaching methods were rote-based, emphasizing memorization and repetition.

In the 1700s in New York, education was primarily provided by private tutors or small local schools. Schools were often run by religious groups and focused on teaching reading, writing, arithmetic, and sometimes Latin or Greek. Education was not mandatory, and only children from wealthy families typically received formal education.

First answer:

My guess British, but there is no way to know since recording devices didn't exist.

Second answer:

I would have to disagree. At least not modern British.

The American accent sounds closely to Cornish, and western England like Somerset and Devon, in the way we pronounce our "R's" called rhotic. In the 17th century most of England had a dialect like that of western England until the turn of the 18th century, when social changes in Britain were occurung. The omitting of "R's", called non-rhotic and vowel shift in "A's" and "O's". Some of these changes affected coastal American colonies like Eastern New England, New York and the coastal south. Also, Scots-Irish dialects affected our accent as well.

The average lifespan of a human in the 18th century was around 30-40 years. This was due to high rates of infant mortality and deaths from diseases that are now preventable or treatable.

Yes, there were political scandals in the 18th century. One notable scandal was the "South Sea Bubble" in 1720 in England, where investors were misled and suffered huge financial losses. Another significant scandal was the affair of the Diamond Necklace in France, which implicated Queen Marie Antoinette in a fraudulent scheme.

In the 1700s, German was the predominant language used in Prussia. It was the official language of the government, administration, and education, reflecting the ethnic composition of the region's population.

The life span of a person in the 1700s varied due to factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and living conditions. On average, life expectancy was lower than today, with many people not living past their 40s or 50s. However, some individuals did live into their 60s, 70s, or even longer.

Taverns that served as headquarters for gangs and thieves in the 18th century were known as "den of iniquity" or "notorious haunts." These were places where illegal activities such as gambling, prostitution, and fencing stolen goods took place.

In the 18th century, crime was often caught through eyewitness testimony, physical evidence, confessions, and informants. Law enforcement relied heavily on patrol officers, informants, and the community to gather information and solve crimes. Additionally, methods such as reward systems, hue and cry, and constables helped in catching criminals.

In the 18th century, Indian men typically wore dhotis or lungis along with kurtas, while women wore sarees or lehengas. The attire varied based on region and social status, with different fabrics, colors, and embellishments denoting specific meanings. Trading and colonial influences also began shaping Indian fashion during this period.

Convicts in the 18th century typically wore clothing made of coarse, durable materials such as wool or canvas. They were often dressed in uniforms that distinguished them from the general population, such as grey or striped jackets and trousers. Additionally, a broad arrow symbol, also known as the "convict arrow," was usually stamped on their clothing to denote their criminal status.

Because at this point many people were stealing because of the lack of food and employment. Stealing was the easiest thing to support your family and get food and resources and many people were often caught doing this.

In the 1700s, punishments for crimes varied widely depending on the severity of the offense and the region. Common punishments included public humiliation, fines, imprisonment, banishment, and even execution through methods such as hanging, beheading, or burning at the stake. The justice system at the time often employed harsh penalties to deter future criminal behavior.