Chemical Engineering

A broad question, so I will give a broad answer. A driving force is needed and what drives heat transfer is simply temperature differences between two bodies.

The mechanism at say a molecular level is really just the exchange of the energy from molecules to molecules. Higher energy molecules will collide with lower energy molecules and voila, you have heat transfer.

Axial-flow compressors have the following advantages:

-High peak efficiency.

-Small frontal area forgiven airflow.

-Straight-through flow, allowing high ram efficiency.

-Increased pressure rise due to increased number of stages with negligible losses.

They have the following disadvantages:

- Good efficiency over narrow rotational speed range.

-Difficulty of manufacture and high cost.

-Relatively high weight.

-High starting power requirements (this has been partially overcome by split compressors).

The SPPA-T2000 (Siemens-Power Plant Automation T2000) system is still being developed and supported but there is a new control system with more advanced and modern features, it is called SPPA-T3000.

mass of mill charge divided by mass flow rate.

The primciple of the air ejector is to exhaust the air remaining from the processor in excess amount.

TDS increases the osmotic pressure. From the formula, Osmotic pressure = CRT. C as the concentration in mol / L; R = gas constant; T = temperature. The higher the concentration of the solids, the higher is its osmotic pressure.

Blenketing is widely used in industries for protection and process safety. Oil is blanketed in the tank to avoid oxidation of the oil, which leads to earlier degradation (very important if the oil is used as a heating utility) of the utility. Nitrogen blanketing is usually triggered by the temperature, for most thermal oil starts to degrade at around 60 deg C.

In the food industry, oil product is used also as a blanket to prevent spoilage and also as a blanket to prevent air infiltrating the tank. Also, positive pressure is kept to avoid any iinfiltration from the outside of the tank.

allow for tube expansion

It actually depends on the kind of material, please contact the supplier. Hope the below link helps you. http://www.plasticsmarketing.com/resources.html

Depends on type and quantity of oil, but it tends to dissolve the bitumen binder and so destroy the asphalt.

we know that,

L + D = V

external reflux, Ro = L/D

internal reflux, Ri = L/V

therefor,

one can write,

Ri = Ro/(1+Ro)

-----from NIT, nagpur..(India)

Flooding and channeling are very significant terms with both gas absorption and distillation of it involves the use of packed towers. Flooding means that the gas velocity is very high, therefore, does not allow the flow of the liquid from the top of the tower, and flooding occurs on the top of it (ergo, the gas phase is not completely mixed by the water phase). The best gas velocity, should be half of the flooding velocity.

For channeling, it is the unequal wetting of the packings in the tower. If channeling occurs, poor mass transfer happens, and therefore, less efficiency of the tower happens.

Unstabalized naphtha (also known as light naphtha) consists of the light components of a crude oil distillation which have not yet had the C4 components removed from it. Unstabalized naphtha is fed to a tall distillation column (approximately 20-30 trays) known as a debutanizer where all C4 components (and any lighter boiling point components) are removed. The bottom product of a debutanizer is stabilized naphtha.

YES. It can, think of printers and storage.

The simplest way to calculate the requirement of duty if you know the mass flowrate of one stream and the temperature difference (heating or cooling) you would like. For example if one wants to heat 5 gallons/hr Tri Ethylene Glycol (TEG) from 225 to 325 degrees F. Now, 5 gallons = 5*0.1556 = 0.78ft3 using density of 8.8lb/ft3 = 0.78(ft3)*8.8(lb/ft3) = 6.85lbs. 1. Find out the Heat Capacity (Cp) for TEG at 225 deg C = 0.6Btu/lb.F 2. Calculate Duty Q = m.Cp.dT = 6.85(lb)*0.6(Btu/lb.F)*(325-225)(F) =410.7Btu Answer: For heating 5 gallons per hour TEG from 225 to 325 F, the duty required is 411Btu/hr.

As a process fuels plant engineer my short business priorities:are:

continuous improvement in proces plants to ensure sustainability of the plants

Maintaining production capacity at 60% now to ensure the availability of petroleum products

re-stream Linear Akly Benzene plant and Lubes process plants to provide kero and touelene

Depends on what type of frac sand. White, golden or brown. White at the well head - $300+, golden and brown - $150-250

Ethyl Mercaptane is C2H5SH. It is a sulphur containing organic compound. It is added into LPG so as to detect any leakage of LPG. The Pungent smell that comes from LPG is tht of ethyl mercaptane,otherwise LPG is an odourless gas.

heat capacity of sodiumsulphate

Hot Approach: It is difference in temperature of hot fluid inlet temperature and cold fluid outlet temperature Cold Approach: It is difference in temperature of Hot fluid outlet temperature and cold fluid inlet temperature. Mohsin

At first, it wasn't invented at all. It was harvested from the rubber tree in Brazil (Hevea Brasiliensis). Synthetic rubber came later (made from petroleum products).

From the Bernoulli equation, pressure drop increases with the square of velocity. So if the velocity is doubled the pressure drop will increase by a factor of four.

screening is a process by which there is separation occurs in materials.

The use of the LMTD arises straightforwardly from the analysis of a heat exchanger with constant flow rate and fluid thermal properties. It is a simple method to approximated the temperature diving force in a heat exchanger. The LMTD is a logarithmic average of the temperature difference between the hot and cold streams at each end of the exchanger. The larger the LMTD, the more heat is transferred.

orsat apparatus