Computer Network Security

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The CNSS (Committee on National Security Systems) model of information security is organized around a framework that consists of three main components: confidentiality, integrity, and availability, often referred to as the CIA triad. These components guide security policies and practices to protect information systems and data. Additionally, the model emphasizes the importance of risk management, security controls, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations, providing a comprehensive approach to safeguarding national security information systems.

Network Allocation Vector How do other stations defer sending their data if one station acquires access? In other words, how is the collision avoidance aspect of this protocol accomplished ? The key is a feature called NAV. When a station sends an RTS frame, it includes the duration of time that it needs to occupy the channel. The stations that are affected by this transmission create a timer called a network allocation vector (NAV) that shows how much time must pass before these stations are allowed to check the channel for idleness. Each time a station accesses the system and sends an RTS frame, other stations start their NAV. In other words, each station, before sensing the PHYSICAL MEDIUM to see if it is idle, first checks its NAV to see if it has expired.

Collision During Handshaking What happens if there is collision during the time when RTS or CTS control frames are in transition, often called the handshaking period? Two or more stations may try to send RTS frames at the same time. These control frames may collide. However, because there is no mechanism for collision detection, the sender assumes there has been a collision if it has not received a CTS frame from the receiver. The back-off strategy is employed, and the sender tries again.

Srikant Pathem from India. He is a .net expert in Microsoft technologies.

First of all, use a network scanner and scan your network and it'll give you a list of every active IP on the network and the hostname of the device ( name ). I recommend an app on the appstore called "iNet" free and fast. It scans whatever subnet your on 192.x or 10.x 184.x etc. It is very useful for big networks for finding computers. Another way is to open your router webpage and it should have a list of every connected client on the network and their IP along with hostnames and mac address.Takes more time using these steps provided but didn't delete it.

1st option is to run ipconfig on each computer and it will tell you the ip address of the computer you are on. To get the name of the computer you can go to the network configuration settings which I will explain in a bit how to get to.

2nd option type in the IP address of the router in the web browser of the one of the computers connected to it, log in to the router with the username and password you used to set it up with, and depending on the router you have you're going to want to look at the log or look around in the different settings to see if you can't find a list of currently connected devices almost eveyr router I've seen to date has had a list somewhere of the devices connected to it

anyways back to option 1....in order to run ipconfig on your computer go to Start menu -> Run (or hold the windows key and press r) type in ipconfig in the box that pops up....if that doesn't work then try typing cmd in the box....you should get an msdos looking window that pops up....from there type in ipconfig....after that look for the IP Address it will be clearly listed there

now as for getting to the name of the computers....I'm not sure about other operating systems but I'm pretty sure it's quite similar across all windows operating systems but I will give you the exact instructions from Windows 2000 Professional which is what OS I happen to run:

1. right click on the My Computer icon which is located on the desktop

2. left click on properties

3. Go to the Network Identification tab

4. Click the properties button

5. Look at the value in the Computer Name box

6. Now you know what the computer's name is

Well, I hope this helped

SSL can be used on many ports; for web traffic, the common port is 443.

The last ciphertext block of the previous record. It is is sometimes xor'd with the plaintext of the next record to ensure duplicate plaintext does not encrypt to duplicate cipher text.

The Act mainly consists of eight data protection principles:

· Data must only be taken and then used for specific reasons.

· Data should be sufficient, suitable and not too much for the specified use.

· Data must be accurate and maintained so that its up to date.

· Data should not be kept longer than is required for the specified purpose.

· Data processing should match the legal rights of the data subjects.

· Data holders should protect the data against loss, theft or corruption.

· Data should not be transferred abroad, except to certain other European Countries.

· Data must not be processed unless there is a specific lawful reason to do so

(see related video link)

Lack of OPSEC Awareness

Usually when this scenario occurs the users are so tightly controlled that it is very difficult for them to get anything done. As a result, frustrated users (who are blocked from doing their job, etc.) will not get useful work done.

That sounds like the definition of encryption.

You are trying to violate the system's security as defined by its administrator.

Sensor network comprises of scattered sensor nodes with limited computational capabilities and battery power. The existing security solutions for traditional wireless networks can not be used because of the constraints associated with sensor network. We present secure sink node architecture as two-tiered scheme for sensor network security. The architecture protects the sink node from unauthorized access by surrounding it with two protection layers. Sink nodes listen to only inner layer nodes and inner nodes are allowed to communicate with only outer layer nodes. These protection layers are formed in an intelligent manner without violating constraints specific to sensor network. In order to enhance security, protection layers are re-adjusted in case of an attack. We present statistical analysis to elucidate the performance of proposed architecture.

before LCP begins the link establishment process

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A statefull firewall.

deport

1. Large-company common stocks.
2. Small-company common stocks (small caps).
3. Corporate bonds (Long-term).
4. Government bonds (Long-term).
5. Immediate-term government bonds.
6. Treasury bills (T-bills) / Short-term government bonds.

Some of the advantages of a honeypot site are:

- brings money to the local economy

- Creates jobs for the local people, bringing them money (which then can link into the MULTIPLYER EFFECT)

- It'll boost the publicity for the area so that more tourists revisit the area in the future

- Because the area has more money they can reinvest

The security auditing is usually handled by the professional auditing firms. Such firms usually hire professional accountants and auditors to help them with the same.

An octet is a unit of digital information in computing that consists of eight bits. The term is often used when the term byte might be ambiguous, because there is actually no standard for the size of the byte (although octet and byte are often used interchangeably). Since an octet has 8 bits, 4 octets would have 32 bits (4x8=32).

A packet does not have a limit of 63 characters - depending on the protocol it may have a total size of 1508 and beyond; the actual data is somewhat smaller but not limited to 63 characters.

For Ethernet frames, 64 characters is closer to the minimum size for data.

Tunneling, but you should really read your textbook before asking routing questions online... ;)