Computers

we can study the computer in speed

No, the computer doesn't think for itself. You need to input something into the computer and tell it what to do. Programs are written instructions on how to run based on what the user inputs. The computer essentially does what you tell it to do very fast and spits out what you want it based on your inputs.

The biggest change is obviously the interface. Low-cost mobile computing has always been a huge selling point, but it was the advent of the high-definition touch-screen that really brought computers within the reach of everyone, regardless of their ability. Intuitive interfaces and voice recognition have replaced the need for bulky keyboards and mouse pointers, and the need to carry separate devices (laptop, phone, satellite navigation, etc) has been largely reduced to a single device that can fit in your pocket. Improved inter-connectivity and the advent of "The Cloud" allows us to access and share information far more easily than ever before.

If we are referring to a desktop computer case, it is also known as chase or tower. There are a lot of types in the market already since some of the computer manufacturer personalized their designs. There are three common types; mini tower which is the smallest size; Mid tower which is the standard size and most common; and Full tower which is the largest and used for high powered server. Several components can be found in the computer case such as motherboard, hard drive, power supply, video card and DVD drives, NIC and other parts.

ho much memory does a modern PC have

Many computer manufacturers such as Dell or HP offer great savings and specials on their products, particularly if you order online. There are also computer bargain and deal websites such as: www.techbargains.com, www.dealnews.com, and www.tigerdirect.com.

This cannot really be answered. There are many variations of power supplies. Here are some of the considerations:

1. Wattage. Computer power supplies come in different wattages.

2. Rail configuration. Power is divided into rails. There are 3 main ways this can be accomplished. The simplest is to put everything on a single rail. This violates the power supply standards, since there should not be more than so many watts on a single rail. The main concern there is a fire hazard, though ripple (electrical noise) can be another concern. They are the easiest to hook up since you don't have to worry what wires go where for the computer to operate, so long as you don't overload the wiring. The opposite extreme is a multiple rail configuration. Those can provide the cleanest voltages, but you have to be careful in how you distribute the wires, and they are expensive. Most common are split rail configurations where there is a single rail, but separate filters and regulators that can power down the entire power supply should a single wire be overloaded. They can been the biggest pain to hook up if you are running close to the maximum.

3. Fan configuration. While fans in the back are traditional, the new thing is to use larger and slower fans on the underside to reduce noise. This is often coupled with automatic fan controls as well.

4. Types of plugs. If you use SATA drives or high end video cards, you have to have compatible plugs.

5. Energy efficiency. There are now 80+ power supplies that are very energy efficient. They cost more than power supplies that are not rated as such.

What you call "grey" or "gray" are likely the most familiar colour scheme from the Apple GUi and from the unix X-win GUI's.

To some extent a Windows user can affect their own by setting alternates to the defaults - especially the default background content area of windows. These windows options were traditionally called "theme" and the window components appearance are now often termed "chrome".

Some applications in the past merely imitated the OS widgets while some used native OS widgets: this can also affect appearance.

Often "silver" is the dominant color in a style which appears "grey". Other tints, shades and tones are used to achieve 3D appearance.

See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tints_and_shades

L shaped desks are purchased for a variety of reasons. They can be an excellent way to maximize space and utilize a corner that may otherwise be wasted space. It also provides additional surface storage and allows for one area to be dedicated to a computer set up and the other hald dedicated to a work space.

A quality tablet can give a quality drawing experience. There are many qualities provided included good battery powerhouse and backup, quick switching between keys, effects like different brushes, layers, shortcuts etc., easy to use, assemble and many more features. Buy the best pen tablet with high performance for drawing and graphics art! High Quality Tablet for Everyone. Smart, Stylish & Powerful products from Xencelabs!

64bit is the most standard today,but 128 may soon be the 64 represents the amount of traces going from the central processing unit to the memory for instance.-ie The data path 64bit is the most standard today,but 128 may soon be the 64 represents the amount of traces going from the central processing unit to the memory for instance.-ie The data path

Windows Firewall

The computer system unit, often referred to as the computer case or chassis, houses essential components such as the motherboard, central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), power supply, and storage devices (like hard drives or solid-state drives). It also contains expansion slots for additional hardware, such as graphics cards and network cards. The system unit serves both to protect these components and to facilitate cooling and airflow during operation.

Click the link to learn all about the secuirty features built into Mac OSx Mavericks. With a Mac there is no need to install any other security sodtware.

Click the link.

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Permanant information is stored in hard drives, usb drives, cds, dvds and the temporary information is stored in RAM (Random Access Memory).

In a sense it is not. However, before long-term storage was invented for computers, systems which contained data would lose that data if the system was ever turned off. It could also be lost in a power flicker, brownout, power spike, or in the event of errors or data corruption, which happened frequently.

Long-term storage was needed to store data when the system was turned off. And for computers not in constant use, this could also allow the system to be purposely turned off, and save (a lot of) power.

The first media used for computer storage were Punchcards and Punchtape. These were cards or reels of paper with holes punched in them. A light shines through the holes and is read back by a simple optical reader to identify individual bits. Most punchards held only up to 500 bits (about 58 useable bytes), while punchtape could be much longer. Computers could easily be programmed to create their own punchcards and punctape, provided they were inserted JUST right. This didn't exist at first but once it did, it allowed you to program or type up data, then have it spit out in an immediately useable manner. Before this, you can to punch the data yourself- A very difficult and complex process.

Later, the advent of other media, especially magnetic storage, improved the process. Using Drum Memory, computers finally had access to enormous amounts of storage at much higher speeds than punch drives. These drums could hold several kilobytes or more, and operated on large rotating cylinders read back with a servo. It also allowed the computer to use the drum drive for temporary (memory) storage, in the event it ran out, vastly increasing it's calculatory capabilities.

Later, magnetic tape was invented. It was not random-access like drum drives, but was far more compact and efficient, held much more data, and was cheap and affordable to manufacture. Tape Drives are still in use today for massive-scale backups, ranging from several hundreds megabyte nanocasettes to enormous 45 TB tapes. While it was slower than drum drives, it was vastly superior to tape drives and held many hundreds to thousands of times more data. For a time, before the floppy disk, it was the storage media of choice. Many people remember the Commodore 64, a tape-drive powered personal computer console gaming system.

Later, the advent of harddrives, which used spinning platters instead of drums, allowed the computer long-term storage internally. It was much faster than tape drives, although it's capacity was more limited. It also allowed non-sequential access, so it could go to and load a file specifically.

THe floppy drive also provided a better method of data storage for external use. Since Hard Drives were fragile and internally mounted, they could not easily be transported, and were expensive. So floppy drives used a thin 'floppy' plastic disc that held a magnetic powder inside. Like a cross between a harddrive and a tape drive, it was inexpensive, relatively reliable, and fast enough (though harddrives were much faster) to outperform tape drives. Floppy drives became standardized first with 5.25" disks, which added a large, soft plastic cover. Then the 3.5" floppy diskette which had a hard plastic case, no longer 'floppy' at all except the film inside, a moveable metal plate to protect the film from dust, debris, and scratches. And an optical sensor 'read only' tab that provided (poor) protection against piracy, and prevented accidental overwrite of a floppy.

Eventually harddrives became the dominant platform for internal storage, but many years later the floppy was finally replaced by the CD. Using optical (visual) storage methods instead of magnetic, it could hold a lot of data in a small area, read sequentially, and was generally faster than a floppy. While floppies evolved into faster and much larger Zip Drives, the rewriteable CD (or CD-R, or CD Burner) was vastly superior due to being a bit faster, a lot cheaper, and more reliable and universal. Everyone had a CD-ROM drive already, but not many had Zip Drives. CD Burners could produce CDs that work on normal CD-ROM drives. Thus is became the superior media.

CDs evolved into DVDs, which evolved into Blu-Ray and HD-DVDs (now defunct)

Other storage media soon was invented. The advent of SD cards, NAND drives, thumb drives, magneto-optical disks, SRAM sticks, Flash drives, Solid State Drives, and more all contributed to storage. Each with their own advantages and disadvantages. I won't ellaborate on these unless you ask.

So, as you can see, for MODERN computing, without storage, you could simply not function. You would have to spend many hours or even days typing in code to you computer, just to build an Operating System, and getting it to boot.

All that, just to BOOT! But with storage, you can just re-load the pre-existing data off your storage device automatically. And voila! Instant working computer.

CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube.

CRT is the traditional technology used for televisions and computer monitors. It preceded the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and plasma technologies that are now being used on new models.

Technically speaking, CRTs are vacuum tubes. Images are created when a beam of electrons scans back and forth across the back of a phosphor-coated screen.

LCD and plasma screens are slimmer and usually lighter than a CRT.

But will never be as good for uniform picture brightness and colour. The resolution (horizontally anyway) will never but that of a CRT.

The cathode ray tube (CRT) is an evacuated glass envelope containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, usually with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electrons. When electrons strike the fluorescent screen, light is emitted.

The electron beam is deflected and modulated in a way which causes it to display an image on the screen. The image may represent electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (television, computer monitor), echoes of aircraft detected by radar, etc.

The single electron beam can be processed in such a way as to display moving pictures in natural colors.

The generation of an image on a CRT by deflecting an electron beam requires the use of an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep, heavy, and relatively fragile (this has earned it the nickname "Fishbowl"). The development of imaging technologies without these disadvantages has caused CRTs to be largely displaced by flat plasma screens, liquid crystal displays, DLP, OLED displays, and other technologies.

An exception to the typical bowl-shaped CRT would be the flat CRTs used by Sony in their Watchman series (the FD-210 was introduced in 1982). One of the last flat-CRT models was the FD-10A. The CRT in these units was flat with the electron gun located roughly at right angles below the display surface thus requiring sophisticated electronics to create an undistorted picture free from keystoning and the like.

The hazards of becoming a computer programmer is the basics of using a computer improperly, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, eye strain, and other minor complications. Nothing very major or hazardous.

You usually have to get a program that will let you do that... you could try going to www.download.com and finding cinnmaforge, and downlaoding that, and it will let you covert anything into the thing that you want.

Only when you burn them

All microchips today are manufactured using CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) technology. CMOS chips require less electricity and produce less heat than chips manufactured using earlier technologies such as TTL(Trasistor-Trasistor Logic).