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Electronics Engineering
Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.
24,372 Questions
The transistor has three regions, emitter,base and collector. The base is much thinner than the emitter while the collector is wider than both. However for the sake of convenience the emitter and collector are usually shown to be of equal size.
The transistor has two pn junctions that means it is like two diodes. The junction between emitter and base may be called emitter-base diode or simply the emitter diode.The junction between base and collector may be called collector-base diode or simply collector diode.
The emitter diode is always forward biased and the collector diode is always reverse biased.
What is the class of amplifier operation is used in almost all high-quality audio power amplifiers?
A: class a
What is the current carrying capacity of 32 sq mm copper cable?
It depends on the the number of cores, type of insulation, whether armoured or unarmoured, and method of installation. So, there is no simple answer. You must determine the current-carrying capacity from the Tables provided in BS 7671:2008 Requirements for Electrical Installations, or the equivalent used in your country.
What do you think are the major issues facing the software industry today?
The major issues faced by software industries today are: the software produce involves bugs. The project formed is not economical , is not obtained within time frame ad does not meet customer's expectations.
Capacitors are marked with the capacitance and the maximum working voltage. The action of a capacitor is store charge short-term and a capacitor is commonly used as a reservoir of charge in a rectifier circuit to smooth the dc output voltage. Other uses in electronic circuits are as a dc-blocker which passes an ac signal while not passing the dc bias, or as a decoupling capacitor in dc circuits to remove any ac signals present while preserving the dc voltage, or in timing circuits because the time-constant of a resistor and a capacitor connected together is CR, or in filters and tuned circuits. Sometimes a variable capacitor is used, connected to a control knob for tuning a radio.
In each of the above applications there are accurate methods to decide exactly how much capacitance is required.
What disadvantage of the transistor did the integrated circuit eliminate?
This sounds like a question from a sheet I did or actually had for HW the answer is they eliminated the heat sensitive components
Why is bandwidth a factor in data transmission?
Bandwidth is a measure of two different factors, depending on context. First, it can be considered the speed of the connection (usually referred to as "Internet speed" or "bandwidth speed"). This is most often expressed in megabits per second (abbreviated as Mbps). The higher this value is, the faster that data can transfer between the Internet and you. Most Internet connections that people have nowadays are asynchronous in nature, meaning that the speed to send data from their computers to the Internet are different (read: slower) than the speed to send data from the Internet to the user. As a good example, in my city the cable company's top speed is 110Mbps for download speed (meaning data coming from the Internet to the end-user) but only 5Mbps for upload speed. If one is interested only in small things such as sending out typical emails, browsing the Internet, or even playing Internet-enhanced games, this is more than sufficient. However, if someone wants to operate a self-managed web server for his friends and family, this could very easily be too limited due to the upload speed since the server would be constantly responding to requests for data from its pages when accessed by those aforementioned friends and family members.
Second, the term bandwidth can refer to the amount of data being transferred (usually mentioned as "data usage" or "bandwidth needed") and can be referred to in any common measure such as bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes. This is just a raw figure for the amount of data that is used to transfer files, whether they be pictures, videos, audio, text, or other parts of a website, Windows patches, or whatever else. Some ISPs have limitations on the amount of data that one can transfer in a month's time. Usually it is the cable companies that impose those limits but some of the phone companies (such as AT&T's U-Verse service) are also starting to impose such limitations with the penalty for exceeding the arbitrary monthly allotment being either slowed speed until the next month begins or allowing one to continue at full speed but being charges excess data usage fees.
As for the term lag, that refers to a delay between transmission and reception of the data. There is always a limited amount of lag on the Internet since we are talking about a network but for most purposes, the lag is not a concern. For online gaming, it can be more of an issue and certain servers will kick users off if their ping rates (the method used to measure lag) exceeds a certain level for a pre-defined amount of time.
Lag can be--and often is--affected by the Internet speed (whether up or down) in use by the person in question. It can also be affected by the type of Internet connection (such as buried coax cable from the cable TV service, pole-based cable from the telephone company, or satellite communication from a service such as DirecPC or whatever they want to call it this year), weather conditions, and more. There could also be some other issue at play that is beyond the control of the end-user and the ISP such as a router that is serving as one of the intermediary hops between the user and the game (or other web) server that is compromised and therefore causing communication problems.
So, bandwidth is a concern for gamers but so are many other factors. If one is noticing lag, the best thing to do is try to attach to a different server (assuming that is an option) and see if that makes any difference. If not, then come back and try again a few minutes to a few hours later and chances are that things will be back to normal.
I hope this helps. If you have other questions that I can answer for you, feel free to drop me a line.
How do you identify a particular feedback topology in a circuit?
For analyzing the feedback amplifier, it is necessary to go through the following steps.
Step 1 : Identify topology ( Type of feedback)
1. To find the type of sampling network
(i) By opening the output if feedback signal becomes zero, then it is called "voltages sampling"
(ii) By shorting the output loop if feedback signal becomes zero, Then it is called "Current Sampling"
2. To find the type of mixing network
(i) If the feedback signal is subtracted from the externally applied signal as a voltage in the input loop, it is called "Series Mixing"
(ii) If the feedback signal is subtracted from the externally applied signal as a current in the input loop, it is called "Shunt Mixing"
Thus by finding the type of sampling network and mixing network, type of feedback amplifier can be determined. for example, If amplifier users a voltages sampling and series mixing, then it is called a voltages series amplifier
Why is 7475 IC chip is called a transparent?
Because the data at the D inputs is passed to the Q output terminals as long as the C enable control inputs are high...it is thus said to be transparent.
When the enable inputs go low, the data present at that time is latched into the register and retained.
How could you calculate the resistance of a circuit?
A variety of techniques can be used. Node-Voltage and Mesh-current (or Loop-current) methods, for example. See related link for examples. If there is a single voltage source in the model, then find the current supplied, and Resistance = Voltage/Current. {R = V/I}
You could simulate/ model the circuit on a computer then apply the power profile and a current value will be calculated. Or if you have the circuit working, Place an amp meter into the circuit and measure the current. V/i = resistance.
What is relationship between gain and bandwidth of an op amp is?
An op amp can have a very large gain, but a limited bandwidth. If you decrease the gain, you can increase the bandwidth.
What are Block diagrams for online and offline UPS?
Online UPS is a power supply that is not interrupted during the switch-over of the power. There is a short cut-off on the offline UPS which can have an effect on affected loads during transition.
What does the grey line on a diode means?
I'm assuming it's a rectifier diode. (black with a grey line usually says 1n400... on it) Picture an arrow and flatten the point of it and that would be your line. So if you want to charge a battery then the line is going to be on the positive terminal, but if you are powering a circuit then the line would be on the opposite side of the positive. It gets confusing so remember the arrow. Hope this helps.
Can zener diode be used as fan regulaters?
A: NOT VERY WELL a zener requires to support booths its breakdown current and the fan current essentially the zener is a voltage regulator not a current regulator
What is the advantages of emitter bias configurations over fixed bias configurations?
One of the main advantages of using the emitter bias configuration has to do with the Q-points. With changes in the current gain, those Q-points don't change. Since the collector current accounts for 99% of the emitter current, we come up with a 1% margin of error, much better than the 5% we can get with the fixed-base bias configuration and Ic and Vce do not fluctuate as well.
UJT(UNIJUNCTION TRANSISTOR) is a three-lead electronic-semiconductor device with only one junction that exclusively as an eletrically controlled swtich andit is not used as a linear amplifier.
What is an AC to DC converter called?
While 'rectifier' is the component which converts AC to DC, the entire converter unit which converts AC to DC is also known by the name 'Eliminator'.
This, as the old timers will tell you, is short for 'Battery Eliminator', as quite often, the AC-DC converter is used as a substitute for having to use the batteries. It allows the battery driven equipment to be powered from the mains directly.
Why do we need DC power supply for electronic devices?
Most active electronic devices (devices that amplify or switch states, e.g. vacuum tubes, transistors) only operate when conducting in one direction. If the current reversed periodically (as it does in AC) these devices would either not work at those times or would do something much different than they were designed to do. Thus DC is needed to keep them operating all the time.
Is Voltage-Current relationship of diode Linear or Exponential?
It closely approximates an exponential function.
What is the relationship between Wattage and resistance of resistor?
There is no direct relationship.
Power ('wattage') is a measure of the rate at which the resistor can dissipate energy; excessive power means that a resistor cannot dissipate energy fast enough to prevent its temperature becoming excessive -excessive enough to damage the resistor.
As the rate at which a resistor can dissipate energy is determined by its physical size, a resistor's power rating(maximum continuous power it can handle without exceeding its rated temperature) depends on the physical size of the resistor.
On the other hand, the resistance of a resistor is notaffected by its physical dimensions, as a resistor can be manufactured to any particular value of resistance for whatever physical size is necessary to achieve its rated power.
If you know a resistor's rated power and its resistance, then you can calculate the maximum continuous current that resistor can handle without overheating (using the equation: power = current squared x resistance).
What is the relationship between frequency and antenna height?
For horizontal antennas operating below 30 MHz the optimum height is half a wavelength, so the height in metres would be 149.9/Frequency in MHz.
