Glaciers

Glaciers that create cirques on the sides of mountains are called cirque glaciers. These glaciers form in bowl-shaped depressions on the slopes of mountains and are responsible for eroding and shaping the characteristic amphitheater-like features known as cirques. Examples of cirque glaciers can be found in mountain ranges around the world, such as the Alps, Andes, and Himalayas.

Glaciers primarily pluck resistant rock types such as granite, gneiss, and schist. These types of rocks are more likely to fracture and break when exposed to the stresses of glacial movement, allowing the glacier to pluck and transport them as it flows.

Plucking is another process where moving glaciers pick up debris by freezing onto rocks, plucking them off, and carrying them along as the glacier moves. This process helps transport rock fragments and sediment to new locations, contributing to the shaping of the landscape.

The cryosphere, which includes glaciers, causes downhill movement of soils and water through processes like erosion, deposition, and transport. As glaciers move, they can pick up and carry sediments, shaping the landscape and contributing to the movement of water and materials downhill.

No, Weird huh?

When you get that much ice in one place the weight and pressure make it move like a plastic and "Flow" almost like water or Lava.

The glacier flows down the valley advancing as it melts.

The air in Denver is thinner because of its higher elevation, which can lead to lower oxygen levels. On the other hand, Louisville is closer to sea level, so the air is denser with higher oxygen concentration. This difference in elevation results in a noticeable difference in air pressure and composition between the two cities.

Glaciers can shape valleys through a process called glaciation, where the movement and erosion of ice carve out the landscape. However, glaciers do not cause earthquakes as they are not related to tectonic plate movement. Earthquakes usually occur due to the shifting of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface.

As a glacier melts, the melted water flows into the ocean, increasing the volume of water and causing sea levels to rise. This process is a significant contributor to global sea level rise, which has the potential to impact coastal areas and communities around the world.

By their shear weigh,t glaciers grind and sculpt the land. As a glacier travels, it picks up large boulders and smaller debris and transports them down hill. When it rains, water flows into the cracks and crevases . The water then freezes causing the rocks to expand and break. Then the expansion and contraction causes major rock formations to splinter which enables those to be picked up and carried great distances down stream. When the glacier recedes, it leaves pools of water and piles of rock, dirt and sand. These make up new hills and valleys to replace the ones destroyed as the glacier was forming. It takes millions of years for the glacier to do this work. However a flood from a backed up glacier can complete it in just a few hours! Thanks to gravity, the soil is always moving from the highest places to the lowest places which are then inducted under tetonic plates. This process takes millions of years. Then hot spots in the eaths crust birth volcano's which in turn form new land buliding it up ever higher until the process starts all over again. We live on a planet that is alive.

A roche moutonnée is a rock hill shaped by the passage of ice.

If there is a small rock hill under a glacier, there will be increased pressure on the closer side, which the ice is moving towards. This leaves the far side under less pressure, allowing the ice to freeze to it. However once the ice has frozen to the rock, it is able to 'pluck' bits of it off, leaving a rougher surface.

Roches moutonnées are common in the Cairngorms.

One example of a species being impacted by melting glaciers is the Arctic fox. As their habitat shrinks due to melting ice, they are facing challenges in finding food and mates, leading to population declines. Additionally, some species of polar bears are also at risk due to disappearing sea ice reducing their hunting grounds.

During the last ice age, glaciers in Pennsylvania shaped the land by carving out valleys, smoothing out mountains, and depositing sediments. This glacial activity created the diverse landscape of Pennsylvania, including the formation of the Pocono Mountains and the famous valleys like the Delaware and Susquehanna. Today, evidence of glacial activity can be seen in the moraines, drumlins, and other glacial features throughout the state.

An example of a fast-moving glacier that can move up to 6 kilometers per year is a surge glacier. Surge glaciers exhibit periods of rapid movement followed by periods of slower flow, which can result in significant advancements over short periods of time. This dynamic behavior is typically linked to internal glacier processes such as changes in basal conditions or ice thickness.

Glacial evidence in currently warm areas like India and Africa exists because Earth's climate has changed over millions of years. These regions were once covered by ice due to global cooling events, which left behind glacial deposits, striations, and moraines. The movement of tectonic plates also plays a role in shifting climates and creating conditions for glaciers in unexpected places.

Glaciation is the process by which large amounts of ice accumulate and move across the Earth's surface, shaping the landscape and influencing climate. It can result in the formation of glaciers, ice sheets, and ice caps, and have a significant impact on the environment, including sea levels and temperature.

An ice that breaks off a glacier and floats away is called an iceberg.

Mississippi's climate is too warm for glaciers to form and persist. Glaciers require very cold temperatures and consistent snow accumulation, which is not typically found in Mississippi due to its subtropical climate. Additionally, the state's low elevation and lack of suitable topography also contribute to the absence of glaciers.

1. 43° 27′ 52″ S, 170° 1′ 4″ E
2. -43.464444, 170.017778

When glaciers and sea ice melt, they reduce the Earth's albedo (reflectivity), causing more sunlight to be absorbed rather than reflected back to space. This leads to increased warming and further melting of glaciers and sea ice. Additionally, as ice melts, it exposes darker surfaces underneath (like water or land), which absorb more heat and perpetuate the melting cycle.

A tarn is a small, steep-banked mountain lake, formed when a glacier advancing down a slope scoops material out of the ground in a "cirque" at the base of the slope. (Essentially, it continues downward into the ground before moving horizontally again.) When the glacier melts, the depression can fill with water, and is refilled by melting snow unless it becomes filled by silt.

Glaciers erode by abrasion when they drag rocks and sediments along their base and sides, creating a sandpaper effect. This process occurs as the glacier moves, grinding, scratching, and smoothing the underlying bedrock and carving out deep valleys. The debris carried by the glacier further enhances the abrasion process as it scrapes against the surface.

A glacier deposits a mixture of rocks, sand, silt, and clay called glacial till. This sediment is unsorted and unstratified, with a wide range of particle sizes from boulders to clay particles. Glacial till is deposited as the glacier retreats and melts, creating landforms like moraines and drumlins.

Different glaciers are behaving differently. Today, some are gaining mass (ice), while most are losing it. At what point this became the case globally, it is difficult to say. I would guess 50-100 years ago the majority of worldwide glaciers were in net mass loss. Remember though that it is not just broad climatological forces that control glacial melt.

While glaciers would move more earth, free flowing water is more of a constant, moving in places where glaciers do not form (i.e. Underground caverns and equatorial latitudes). Glaciers tend to displace landscape to accommodate their mass, where water actually carves landscape until it's source is cut off. Historically, water has eroded more features (the grand canyon) than has glaciers.