Hanukkah

Hanukkah is a holiday, not a language. You cannot say "Merry Christmas in Hanukkah.

That's like asking: "How do you say Merry Christmas in Easter"

I think he means how do you say merry Christmas in Hebrew

The Menorah with seven holders was in the Holy Temple (Beit Hamikdash). Our Hanukkah-menorahs have eight holders (plus one for the candle used to light the others), to mark the eight days of the miracle.
The Seleucids (Syrian-Greeks) under Antiochus Epiphanes (2nd century BCE), at the instigation of the Hellenizers, had forbidden various Torah-practices in Judea, such as Sabbath-observance and circumcision, rededicated the Temple to a Greek idol, and pressed the Jews to offer up idolatrous sacrifices. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Hasmoneans (a family of religious Jews) fought to retake the Holy Temple, which had been seized by the Seleucids, and to enable the people to once again observe the Torah. The Hasmoneans (also called Maccabees) were miraculously victorious. When they reached the Temple grounds, they immediately reconsecrated it to God. As part of this action, they relit the Menorah (Exodus ch.25), which was fueled with olive oil. However, it soon became apparent that there was only sufficient oil to keep the candelabra burning for one single day - and it would take eight days to make and bring some more.
Miraculously, the menorah stayed lit for eight days (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), allowing enough time for new oil to be prepared and brought.
The significance of the miracle is that it demonstrated that God's presence still dwelt in the Holy Temple. This is what Hanukkah represents: the closeness to God; and the avoidance of Hellenization (assimilation).
The Torah Sages instituted the festival of Hanukkah at that time (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), to publicize the miracle (Rashi commentary, ibid). This is why we light our Hanukkah-menorahs.
(The Hanukkah-menorah, or hanukkiyah, is a special form of the original seven-branched menorah. Our Hanukkah-menorahs have eight spaces for oil, or candles, to mark each of the eight days for which the oil lasted and a ninth to hold the shamash, a candle used to light the others.)
The Al-Hanisim prayer which we recite during Hanukkah centers around the Hasmoneans' victory and rededication of the Temple, while the candle-lighting commemorates the miracle of the oil.
Though the military victory is prominently mentioned in the prayers, it wouldn't have been celebrated if not for the miracle of the oil. It should also be noted that the main goal for which the Maccabees fought was not political independence. They fought to enable the people to observe the Torah's commandments; as we say in the Al Hanisim prayer: "the Greeks sought to cause us to forget Your Torah and leave Your statutes."

Hanukkah goes according to the Hebrew calendar and can occur at any time in late November or the month of December.

Thanksgiving is in late November.

You don't. Christmas trees have nothing to do with Hanukkah. If you put Hanukkah-style ornaments on a Christmas tree, it will most likely offend the people you are trying to honor (even if they don't tell you that).

Special foods include potato pancakes (latkes) and jelly donuts (sufganiyot), but their origins are unknown.

The same as Jews all over the world.

The letters are Nun, Gimmel, Hey, Shin. They are an acronym for Neis Gadol Hayah Sham (a great miracle happened there).

Here are the rules for the dreidel game:

Each player spins the dreidel in turn, after a few chocolate coins have been handed out and some are kept in a central "pot."

a) Nun means "nisht" ("nothing" in Yiddish). The player does nothing.

b) Gimmel means "gantz" ("everything" in Yiddish). The player gets everything in the pot.

c) Hey means "halb" ("half" in Yiddish). The player gets half of the pot. (If there is an odd number of pieces in the pot, the player takes half of the total plus one).

d) Shin means "shtel" ("put" in Yiddish). The player puts one piece into the pot.

If you find that you have no pieces left, you are either "out" or may ask a fellow player for a "loan."

When one person has won everything, that round of the game is over.

Jewish people who live in England celebrate Hanukkah.

It depends on the year, since the Hebrew calendar is shorter than the normal Gregorian calendar. In the Hebrew calendar, Hanukkah starts on Kislev 25 and ends on Tevet 2 (or Tevet 3 if Kislev is short.) This year, Hanukkah begins in the evening of Saturday, December 8, and ends in the evening of Sunday, December 16.

There aren't any airlines that allow candle lighting on board.

Hanukkah lasts for 8 days, but it has no special meals associated with it. It is traditional to eat potato pancakes (latkes) and jelly donuts (sufganiot), but there's no actual "Hanukkah meal."

Latkes are potato pancakes fried in oil.

Yes.

In the pre-electrification days, when the dying were cared for in their homes, vigils were held with various prayers and devotions. Candle light would also have been needed for The Anointing and Last Rites.

Hanukkah is celebrated for eight days, starting on the Hebrew date of 25 Kislev. The sixth day of Hanukkah always occurs on a new moon. None of the days of Hanukkah occur on a full moon.

Because Jewish days start at sunset. So last night was the beginning of the first day.

Nobody, except maybe the non-Jewish spouses of some Jews.

Hanukkah: * latkes ( potatoe pancakes)- pan fried potatoe shreds. passover: * Matza- flat bread ( without yeast)- like a big saltine, but without the salt. * horse radish- spicy (hot) radish shreds- comes in red ( purple) or white. * charoset- grated apples, nuts, cinnamon, and red wine * hard-boiled roasted eggs * wine

Hanukkah began at sunset on Wednesday, 1 December 2010 and ended at sunset on Thursday, 9 December 2010.

From (the early hours of) 1 April 2010 it was 244 days.

Hanukkah always starts on the Hebrew calendar date of 25 Kislev, and lasts for eight days. The Hebrew calendar does not line up with the western calendar because it has a completely different leap year system that can shift holidays each year by to 11-28 days.

Here are the coinciding secular dates for the upcoming years. The candle lightings begin on the evening BEFORE the first date:

2011: December 20-28

2012: December 8-16

2013: November 27-December 5

2014: December 16-24

2015: December 6-14

The first night was December 25th, 1959.

Hanukkah is celebrated during the Hebrew months of Kislev (starting on the 25th day of the month) and Tevet (it ends on the 2nd - or, if Kislev has been a "short" month with one less day than normal, something that happens in the Hebrew calendar - the 3rd.

As the Hebrew calendar does not match the Gregorian (secular) calendar, this means that Hanukkah can start on any day between late November to late December.

You generally put it back in the cupboard after Hanukkah is over. Usually the next day.

It isn't located there, since the miracle of Hanukkah occurred after the canon of the Hebrew Bible was sealed.

There is no specific Hanukkah party. Some people have parties on Hanukkah and some don't. If there is a party on hanukkah, it can be on any one of the 8 nights, at any time.