James Madison

He was a president of the united states of america, he WAS a world leader a few hundred years ago because American citizens held a majority vote and the end result was Madison being elected into the oval office of the white house

He used the Constitution and the Bill of Rights

Madison , who served from 1809 until 1817. was the President during the War of 1812 with Great Britain. During this time elsewhere, Napoleon invaded Russia, lost his army, was exiled, escaped, collected an army, fought the Battle of Waterloo and was defeated for the last time. Beethoven first performed his 5th Symphony and Jane Austen published her novel, Pride and Prejudice.

As everyone should know, the first plane flight was conducted by the Wright Brothers. These planes could only make short flight of up to 100m but were vital in kicking off the science surrounding planes. From the Wright Brother's design 'biplanes' became more used around the world. They played an important role in WW1, spying beyond enemy lines but also used as an offensive by dropping bombs on enemy trenches.

Madison implied that a government, in its actions or inactions, must be accountable to the people and must be controlled by its elected officials.

James Madison's diary is the only record of the Constitutional Convention that we have. Since no minutes or direct record of the meetings were allowed, Madison's reflections is were we get most of our information on the event.

James Madison (1751-1836) was the 4th US President. He served from March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1817
James Madison
James Madison

This is a very complicated question. John Adams loved and respected his wife very much. He was very faithful to her unlike other revolutionary men (Franklin/Jefferson). He occasionally took her thoughts into consideration which wasn't commonly done in this era. Although, Abigail Adams, his wife wrote a letter to him (I suggest you look it up) called "Remember the Ladies". His response to this letter (which I also suggest you read) probably would not be accepted in today's society.

He saw very limited service in the Revolutionary War, serving as a colonel in the Virginia Militia. His was never in a combat unit. He was President of the United States and so was Commander--in-Chief of military operations during the War of 1812.

nope LOL you suck pie hoole

He died as a result of complications of tuberculosis.

He enjoyed reading, riding, and playing chess during his freetime. He also enjoyed writing, especially political writing. Find out more fast facts about James Madison at http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312172/madison.html Writing was his main pastime, especially political writing, although he did have time to play chess. He also dabbled in farming and new techniques. According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Madison "James Madison, Jr. (March 16, 1751 - June 28, 1836) was an American politician and the fourth President of the United States (1809-1817), and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Madison was the last founding father to die. Considered to be the "Father of the Constitution", he was the principal author of the document. In 1788, he wrote over a third of the Federalist Papers, still the most influential commentary on the Constitution." He was raised in the Church of England on a tobacco plantation owned by his parents with slave labor and the labor of indentured servants. He was short in stature and a light weight even when you consider that people of the past were on average shorter and lighter than they are today. "Madison attended the College of New Jersey, (later to become Princeton University) with roommate poet/satirist Phillip Freneau, finishing its four-year course in two years, 1769-1771; and continued to study with John Witherspoon, the College's president at that time, for a year after graduating. Madison has been called America's first graduate student, perhaps more accurately "Princeton's first graduate student." Meaning that he didn't take much time for hobbies or other pursuits; I doubt he indulged in his roommate's passion for poetry. "As delegate to the Continental Congress (1780-83), Madison was considered a legislative workhorse and a master of parliamentary detail." Again showing that politics was his main passion; he is the primary person responsible for our three branches of government and enjoyed seeing the Supreme Court grow to fill its current role (it is granted few powers in the constitution). After leaving office (he served 2 terms) he wanted to travel to see Paris but was too poor. "He took to modifying letters and other documents in his possessions: changing days and dates, adding and deleting words and sentences, and shifting characters. By the time he had reached his late seventies, this "straightening out" had become almost an obsession. This can be seen by his editing of a letter he had written to Jefferson criticizing Lafayette: Madison not only inked out original passages, but went so far as to imitate Jefferson's handwriting as well." Again showing that his principle concern was in political writing and making sure he got things right for the history books. According to Ask the Brain.com: http://www.askthebrain.com/jame_madison-.html His favorite books were: ""American Spelling Book" by Noah Webster "The McGuffey Readers" by William Holmes McGuffey." According to Thinkquest.org: http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312172/madison.html He had pets; "Macaw the Parrot; Sheep." His hobbies were: "Chess, Riding, Reading" According to the researcher at this site: http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/summer97/madison.html There are bookworms and then there are bookworms, and it isn't every student who can plow through the strengths and weaknesses of the Amphyctionic Confederacy of early 16th century Greece, the Helvitic Confederacy of 14th century Switzerland or the Belgic and Germanic confederacies of the mid-1600s. Madison did, and in his "Notes..." he made lists of all the features of those governments, good and bad, but in particular the bad, such as "disparity of size in Cantons," "intolerance of religion" and "weakness of the Union," to name a few." Which again seems to say that his chief interest was politics and reading about politics, he was a political scholar and Princeton's first graduate student to boot. He was also the first President to have served as a Congressman before he was elected to office. According to the Internet Public Library: http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jmadison.html He held these offices: "Member of Virginia Constitutional Convention, 1776 Member of Continental Congress, 1780-83 Member of Virginia Legislature, 1784-86 Member of Constitutional Convention, 1787 Member of U.S. House of Representatives, 1789-97 Secretary of State, 1801-09 (under Jefferson)" In addition to serving two terms as President. According to the New Book of Knowledge: http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=a2017870-h "James was taught to read and write by his mother and grandmother. Soon after his 11th birthday he was sent to boarding school, where he studied English, mathematics, French, Spanish, and Latin. After two years of additional tutoring, the 18-year-old Madison entered the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), where he completed the four-year course in two years, sleeping only five hours a night and considerably damaging his health. For five years after his graduation in 1771, he continued his extensive studies at home, which included training in the law. At the same time, he was teaching his younger brothers and sisters... After leaving the presidency in 1817, Madison returned to Montpelier, where he engaged in scientific farming, originating methods of agriculture that did not become common until a century later. " If that doesn't make him a political animal and gentleman farmer then I don't know what would.

No, but she did hold a special place in hearts of Washingtonians over a period of almost 50 years and there is a statue of her and James Maidosn in James Madison's Montepelier in Orange, VA.

Besides serving as the 4th President of the United States for eight years, James Madison also established or helped with the following achievements:

* Leader of the Virginia Assembly * member of the Continental Congress * helped frame the Virginia Constitution

* wrote the Federalist essays * helped frame the Bill of Rights and the U.S. Constitution * Secretary of State during Thomas Jefferson's Presidency * actions in Congress helped form Jeffersonian Party (later known as Republican)

He wrote lots of stuff

Here's a quote from Eederalist #10, authored by James Madison: The protection of these faculties is the first object of government. From the protection of different and unequal faculties of acquiring property, the possession of different degrees and kinds of property immediately results; and from the influence of these on the sentiments and views of the respective proprietors, ensues a division of the society into different interests and parties. Madison foresaw the contention of democracy as simply majority rule versus the idea of a democratic society: a government that allows a majority of voters to plunder the few is simply lawless (Milton Friedman)

James Madison believed that a democratic form of government, would tame the factions and cause them to work together as much as possible. Madison, in the The Federalist, argued that the federal system helps prevent factions from gaining too much control and causing tyranny of the majority

James Madison had a long political career, beginning as a delegate to the Congress of the Confederation from Virginia from 1781 to 1783. He represented Virginia's 5th district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1789 to 1793, and Virginia's 15th district from 1793-1797. He was the 5th U.S. Secretary of State from 1801 to 1809. Finally he was the 4th President of the United States from 1809 to 1817.

James Madison was first and foremost a liberal in the classical or Lockean sense. For Madison, governments are founded on the consent of the governed, and, when they become oppressive, the people have a right to revolution. The primary role of government is to secure the public good and the natural rights of the governed. Madison is especially famous for his dedication to private property and religious liberty.

Madison was also a republican. He devoted his life to the cause of self-government.

Madison was a preeminent institution builder. He was the primary thinker behind the compound or federal republic. His ideas on democratic institutions include:

Representation

Self-government via representative rather than direct democracy secures the best characters - men of property, of learning, and of letters - as office holders in government.

The Extended Sphere

The conventional wisdom of the day was that self-government was only possible in a contracted territory with a small population. This was an idea that Madison sought to refute.

Madison believed the problem of factions (we call them interest groups today) was the fatal disease of popular governments. Factions are groups of citizens who have interests or passions averse to the rights of others or to the public good. He believed that factions are inevitable, and that the only way to prevent them from oppressing others was to prevent them from becoming a majority.

The only way to do this is to extend the sphere of democratic governance to incorporate so many factions that no single faction could ever amount to a majority. Only by extending democratic governance over a wide territory and diverse population will society be safe from any one faction outnumbering and oppressing the rest.

Checks and Balances

"Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place." - Federalist 51

For Madison, not all politicians are interested in justice or the public good. There are many ambitious politicians who would rather expand their power at the expense of the other branches and oppress the people. For Madison, ambition is a flaw of human nature that can't be changed, but can be accommodated, hence the institution of checks and balances.

Not only must each branch be separate from the others, but they must be given the means to weaken each other. If one branch tries to usurp the powers of another branch, the latter must have the means to check and balance the former. If politicians are basically ambitious, they will have the personal motive to exercise their constitutional authority to defend the legitimate powers of their offices.

Federalism

Madison believed that the national government should have the power to act directly on individuals while preserving the integrity of state sovereignty at the same time. Thus individuals place themselves under the laws of two distinct governments: state and national.

Madison showed how state governments could be preserved as independent sovereigns. According to Madison, under the Constitution, the authority of the federal government extends to specific, enumerated objects. Any power not granted to the federal government is left to the states, so that "the powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government, are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite" (federalist 45).

In Federalist 39, Madison shows how the government described by the Constitution is a mix of federal and national elements. The Constitution is federal as it regards the Union as a community of separate sovereign states, and national as it regards the Union as a community of individuals under one national government.

James Madison report was able to make the congress to issue a formal call to the states for a constitution convention.

Factions exist because not everyone agrees with how things should be run in government or an organization. This sometimes causes people to form a group like-minded people to pursue their own goals.

James Madison was 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed about 100 pounds. He was the smallest US president.

There are some ways to control political factions and to restrict their influence on the larger society. One is the principle of majority rule. Another is the creation of large republics that can "refine and enlarge" the views of the public, which gives more people a voice regardless of faction.

He was a Democratic-republican. Jefferson and Madison created the Democratic Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party.

James Madison created the 10 amendments, led the war of 1812, gained independence from Britain, was the father of the Bill of Rights, and the father of the constitution.

Hope this helped! (: