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Local Area Network
Questions concerning the setting up, troubleshooting and operation of wired LANs used by businesses and other organizations
4,003 Questions
What is meant by single broadcast domain and single collision domain?
A collision domain is a section of a network where data packets can collide with one another when being sent on a shared medium or through repeaters, in particular, when using early versions of Ethernet. A network collision occurs when more than one device attempts to send a packet on a network segment at the same time. Collisions are resolved using carrier sense multiple access with collision detection in which the competing packets are discarded and re-sent one at a time. This becomes a source of inefficiency in the network.[1]
Only one device in the collision domain may transmit at any one time, and the other devices in the domain listen to the network in order to avoid data collisions. Because only one device may be transmitting at any one time, total network bandwidth is shared among all devices. Collisions also decrease network efficiency on a collision domain; if two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision occurs, and both devices must retransmit at a later time.
Collision domains are found in a hub environment where each host segment connects to a hub that represents only one collision domain and only one broadcast domain. Collision domains are also found in wireless networks such as Wi-Fi.
Modern wired networks use a network switch to eliminate collisions. By connecting each device directly to a port on the switch, either each port on a switch becomes its own collision domain (in the case of half duplex links) or the possibility of collisions is eliminated entirely in the case of full duplex links.
A broadcast domain is basically a VLAN. The broadcast domain defines how far a Layer-2 broadcast will propagate on the network, which is to say the broadcast will hit every device on the VLAN, or every device on the "subnet". Routers block broadcasts by design. If you need to leave your broadcast domain (get off your local subnet) then you jump up to layer 3 and go through a router to talk to machines on some other broadcast domain. The layer 2 broadcast will typically traverse all hubs, bridges and switches in a single VLAN. If you question was in the context of using a "single broadcast domain" just be careful not to do that for a relatively large network with several hundred or thousands of nodes, or the network performance and/or the end-station performance will suffer because of all the broadcast traffic.
Access to a LAN (a local-area network) is important for any networking, such as accessing the Internet, sharing data with other computers in the same house, sharing a printer, and many other useful functions.
However, a computer can be perfectly useful without Internet or local network access. For example, you could still use it to create software, digital art, text documents, manage your digital photos or music collection, and many other tasks.
What commands will show the route that packets take across the network?
tracert is the perfect function for you. E.x:
CMD
{
tracert 192.168.1.1
}
That will allow you to see where your data packet has traveled.
The 192.168.1.1 is only an example.
Hope this answer has helped you! :D
What are the two factors used to determine the different category UTP cable?
To test whether a cable deserves to be called, for example, "category 5e", an alternating current ("signal") is injected at different frequencies on each pair of wires, and measurements are made, how much energy crosses over to other pairs of wire. The less energy crosses over, the better. The higher cable categories use the same methods, but they have more stringent requirements.
To test whether a cable deserves to be called, for example, "category 5e", an alternating current ("signal") is injected at different frequencies on each pair of wires, and measurements are made, how much energy crosses over to other pairs of wire. The less energy crosses over, the better. The higher cable categories use the same methods, but they have more stringent requirements.
To test whether a cable deserves to be called, for example, "category 5e", an alternating current ("signal") is injected at different frequencies on each pair of wires, and measurements are made, how much energy crosses over to other pairs of wire. The less energy crosses over, the better. The higher cable categories use the same methods, but they have more stringent requirements.
To test whether a cable deserves to be called, for example, "category 5e", an alternating current ("signal") is injected at different frequencies on each pair of wires, and measurements are made, how much energy crosses over to other pairs of wire. The less energy crosses over, the better. The higher cable categories use the same methods, but they have more stringent requirements.
What is the max Ethernet speed for cat3?
The max speed is 100mb on Cat3 cable. We have it here and have hooked a fluke up to it as well as plugged a laptop directly in switch at a gig speed.
Which characteristic can be used to determine whether a route is an ultimate route?
The route includes an exit interface
What is the max distance of 802.11n router?
The max distance of a 802.11n router is approximately 100 feet. This distance is usually considerably shorter in most homes due to interference.
A hub is a repeater reading electronic signals from a cable and replicating them on all other interfaces (broadcast).
a switch operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model forwarding frames to their destination/next hop only (rather than to every address connected like a hub).
Switches facilitate simulcast (1 to 1), Multicast (1 to many) and broadcast (1 to all).
Describe how packet loss can occur at output ports?
Output ports can transmit only a single packet in a unit of time (the packet transmission time), the arriving packets will have to queue for transmission over the outgoing link. There could be more packets arriving from the switching fabric at the output port while the output port is still working on sending the packets that are already on the queue. Eventually, the number of queued packets can grow large enough to exhaust the memory space at the output port, in which case packets are dropped or lost.
What is the difference of cat 5 and cat 5e?
Difference between a cat 5 5e and 6 networking cable?
Cat5 cable is broken into two separate categories: Cat5 and Cat5E cables. Cat5 has become obsolete in recent years, due to its limitations compared to Cat5E and Cat6 cables. Although the Cat5 cable can handle up to 10/100 Mbps at a 100MHz bandwidth (which was once considered quite efficient), the newer versions of Cat cables are significantly faster.
Cat5E cable (which stands for "Cat5 Enhanced") became the standard cable about 15 years ago and offers significantly improved performance over the old Cat5 cable, including up to 10 times faster speeds and a significantly greater ability to traverse distances.
Cat6 cables have been around for only a few years less than Cat5E cables. However, they have primarily been used as the backbone to networks, instead of being run to workstations themselves. The reason for this (beyond cost) is the fact that, while Cat6 cables can handle up to 10 Gigabits of data, that bandwidth is limited to 164 feet - anything beyond that will rapidly decay to only 1 Gigabit (the same as Cat5E).
Cat6A is the newest iteration and utilizes an exceptionally thick plastic casing that helps further reduce crosstalk. The biggest distinguishing difference between Cat6 and Cat6A cables is that Cat6A can maintain 10 Gigabit speeds for the full 328 feet of Ethernet cable.
What is class D default sub net mask?
Seems to me, I'm still learning, that the Class D subnet mask would be 224.0.0.0 or 1110 0000.0000 0000.0000 0000.0000 0000 in binary. The Internet has been using classless subnets for a while now, so it may not be as relevant as it once was.
For this type of connection you will need to use a *crossover* ethernet cable, not a standard patch cable. This will allow two computers to network with eachother. You can then use the network wizard (if you use windows xp or vista) and choose to create a home network. You will need to assign each computer a unique IP address so they can find eachother, as well as a unique computer name.
What does an ip address of 169.254.0.12 indicate?
Nothing. That is not a valid IP address as its stands however ip addresses with the first 2 octets of 169.254.xxx.xxx means that Automatic Private IP Addressing has been enabled because no DHCP server was found and no static address has been defined.
How do you find the net id and host id of ip address 220.43.6.8?
To find the Network ID and Host ID from an IP address you need to use a Subnet Mask. The address 220.43.6.8 is a class C IP address (Since the range of Class C address is 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255).
The standard default mask for class C is 255.255.255.0
Network address = (IP address) Boolean AND (Subnet mask)
Hence,
network address = 220.43.6.8 AND 255.255.255.0 = 220.43.6
(since 255 means all 1s in binary, hence it'll give the same bits which are ANDed with it, whereas 0 means all 0s in binary, hence it'll give answer as 0 irrespective of what bits are ANDed with it)
Hence Host Address would be the remaining part of IP address = 8
In which layer of osi model dose repeater works?
It depends on what kind of model it is, but in the model for computer 321O, it is on the layer between trhe keyboard and the behind screen, and there is a button with the osi code and there says everything.
Difference between twisted pair cable and coaxial cable?
Coaxcial cable is typically a copper core cable with a shield separated by an air gap. It carries electrical signals along the center conductor relative to ground (usually the outer shield is tied to ground.
Fibre optic cable is glass strands which carrry light in the form of pulses rather than electrical currents.
Fibre carries a digital signal whilst copper (coaxial) commonly carries an analogue signal.
What is the max distance for a coax Ethernet access?
It depends on the type/speed.
For 100 mbit/s twisted-pair (CAT5/6), it's 100 metres, for 1000 mbit/s - 1 gBit/s it's also 100 m *with the correct cable* and no sneaky tight bends/ overdone cable ties.
The older coaxial cables gave 185 m, 500 m, but these are obsolete.
The longest total length for ethernet is 100m, or just a bit over 300 feet. That is for pure cable lengths between any device that would regenerate the signal, such as a switch or hub. The problem is if the signal is to degradded by the time it reaches the device it can't be regenerated properly.
Pros and cons of wireless LAN?
Pros- wireless gives you more room to use the item, and u dont have to worry about the cords getting tangled and so on. Wireless also depending on the item, can run at a faster pace then wired.
Cons- The main bad thing about wireless is keeping track of your receiver. usually with wireless there's some sort of a receiver that connects your wireless item. So if you lose the reciever you r screwed and will have to buy another wireless item. Another problem is with wireless, it usually always runs on battery which means recharging. Recharging can sometimes take a few hours to get to full battery. Or it requires you buying batterys if it is for example AA or a non-rechargeable.
I currently use wireless at home because buying batterys or losing my reciver is never a problem for me. Hope this helped out a bit. need more in depth email me at Burle35@gmail.com
