Local Area Network

A network topology refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network. Network Topologies: Bus All devices connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Star All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. Ring All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and span large distance. Hybrid Group of star-configured workstations are connected to a linear bus backbone cable, combining the characteristics of the bus and star topologies. Wireless Devices are connected by a receiver/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all within an acceptable transmission range. A network topology refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network. Network Topologies: Bus All devices connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Star All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. Ring All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and span large distance. Hybrid Group of star-configured workstations are connected to a linear bus backbone cable, combining the characteristics of the bus and star topologies. Wireless Devices are connected by a receiver/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all within an acceptable transmission range. A network topology refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network. Network Topologies: Bus All devices connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Star All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. Ring All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and span large distance. Hybrid Group of star-configured workstations are connected to a linear bus backbone cable, combining the characteristics of the bus and star topologies. Wireless Devices are connected by a receiver/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all within an acceptable transmission range. A network topology refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network. Network Topologies: Bus All devices connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Star All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. Ring All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and span large distance. Hybrid Group of star-configured workstations are connected to a linear bus backbone cable, combining the characteristics of the bus and star topologies. Wireless Devices are connected by a receiver/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all within an acceptable transmission range. A network topology refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers (and other network devices) in a network. Network Topologies: Bus All devices connected to a central cable, called the bus or backbone. Bus networks are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. Star All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub. Star networks are relatively easy to install and manage, but bottlenecks can occur because all data must pass through the hub. Ring All devices are connected to one another in the shape of a closed loop, so that each device is connected directly to two other devices, one on either side of it. Ring topologies are relatively expensive and difficult to install, but they offer high bandwidth and span large distance. Hybrid Group of star-configured workstations are connected to a linear bus backbone cable, combining the characteristics of the bus and star topologies. Wireless Devices are connected by a receiver/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all within an acceptable transmission range.

We can extend LAN by using repeaters. If we increase LAN by using large number of repeaters than this arrangement does not guarantees sufficient signal strength. Each repeater and segment along the path increases the delay. If the delay becomes too large scheme fails. In fact, repeaters are part of the Ethernet standard, which specifies that the network will not operate correctly if more than four repeaters separate any pair of stations. i. If we can extend the LAN then why we need a WAN? ii. How can a bridge know whether to forward frames? iii. Can the length of an Ethernet be increased to many segments of 500 meter each merely by adding a repeater to connect each additional segment? iv. How can a computer attach to a network that sends and receives bits faster than the computer's CPU can handle them?

I think it is MAN (metropolitan area network)

The submask indicates the division between the network id and the host information in an ipV4 address. The default subnet mask indicates the presence of a class A, B, or C based network (the default) without subnetting.

50.31.30.25

The benefits of being a computer networker include being able to work on your own network, work in advanced environments, and earn a respectable living. Those who are knowledgeable of networking often work for large companies which require constant network maintenance.

The technical specification for Cat5e specifies a total length of 100 meters (about 328 feet). This usually breaks down (during design) to 90 meters of 'structured cable' (cable that is permanently installed from one point to another) and ten meters (33 feet) of connecting cables for the ends. This isn't the complete answer however. The Cat 5e specification is less about length and more about performance. It's quite possible that a cable can be shorter than 100m and still not meet the Cat 5e standard. The most common cause is poor installation. A cable that bends too sharply deforms the wiring inside and can cause the signal sent on one wire to interfere with the signal on another. Cable that is not properly terminated can cause loss of data because of poor connections or wire to wire interference. On the other hand, if you simply ignore the arbitrary length limit and concentrate on proper installation methods, you can easily obtain Cat 5e PERFORMANCE well beyond the stated 100 meters.

An RJ45 connector has 8 conductors. it has the naming convention of 8P8C (8positions 8conductors).

Devices that separate work groups on a local area network (LAN) are called network switches. Switches manage data traffic by directing packets to specific devices based on their MAC addresses, effectively segmenting the network for improved performance and security. Additionally, virtual LANs (VLANs) can also be configured to logically separate different work groups within the same physical network.

A lan that is directly or indirectly controlled by a SERVER. In a server based lan, most workstations have to log into the server to gain access to the network.

All network devices have some component that operates at layer 1. Only hubs and repeaters operate entirely at layer 1.

a network administrator administrates network to you

Routers, Access Points, Printers... Every device you will need to access sooner or later...computer can stay with Dynamic IP's since they should show their name in network, but routers, access points, printers, while they may show its not guaranteed.

bus topology.

The maximum allowed length of a Cat-6 cable is 100 meters (330 ft) when used for 10/100/1000baseT. This consists of 90 meters (300 ft) of solid "horizontal" cabling between the patch panel and the wall jack, plus 10 meters (33 ft) of stranded patch cable between each jack and the attached device. Since stranded cable has higher attenuation than solid cable, exceeding 10 meters of patch cabling will reduce the permissible length of horizontal cable.

When used for 10GbaseT, Cat-6 cable's maximum length is 55 meters (180 ft) in a favorable alien crosstalk environment, but only 37 meters (120 ft) in a hostile alien crosstalk environment such as when many cables are bundled together. 10GbaseT runs of up to 100 meters (330 ft) are permissible using Cat-6a.

TCP has no default port. Individual applications - such as FTP, DNS, or Telnet - do have default ports.

Convergence

if its windows xp right click on my computer, then select properties, then click on computer name tab then on the network id button and change the workgroup in the workgroup box. Any computer you want to be in the workgroup you need to make sure all those computers say the same thing

It stands for TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK. You can remotely control web servers through Telnet. By using Telnet programs you can enter commands. By exchanging data over internet two programs can work cooperatively. With Telnet you can not only control their server but can also communicate with other servers on the network

The main advantage is to cut the cost.

ex:- There are 3 users. Rather than giving them 3 printers to print their stuff, they can share 1 printer to serve their needs. In this way, the cost for 2 more printers can be reduced.

VPNs

Technically, there is no limit to the size of a p2p network.

The example of client server model is that to check your bank account from your computer, a client program in your computer forwards your request ro a server program at the bank. this program may in turn forward the request to its own client program that sends a request to a database server at another bank computer to retrieve your account balance.The balance is returned back to the bank data client, which in turn serves it back to the client in your personal computer,which displays the information for you.

The function of a router is to switch and filter packets, and to route traffic between different networks, thereby reducing the size of "collision zones". Broadcast zones are basically all that define a network. Therefore, if a router were to forward broadcasts, it would actually be joining the two networks together into one larger network, which, aside from security implications, would create a giant collision zone and reduce network performance.