Lungs

hairs in the nostrillstrap dust. epithelium which lines the inside of the trachea bronchi and bronchioles consists of ciliated cells. dust particles and bacteria become ytrapped in the sticky mucus film and the mucus is carried away from the lungs by the flicking movements of the cilia

A sea otter is a mammal, so it has lungs.

Lung capacity is a physical difference in the volume of the lungs. Lung capacity depends on how much air can fill the lungs. A man's lung capacity is larger than a woman's lung capacity.

Carbon monoxide

Your lungs are around the area of your chest.

The main air tube in your throat is called the trachea. You can feel its ridges of cartilage along the front of your neck. The trachea has two branches called bronchi which are also strengthened by cartilage. They lead to the lungs. The next smaller branches are called bronchioles; they are soft without cartilage since they are inside the lungs. The bronchioles lead to the alveoli where the work of the lungs takes place.

trachea

In the lungs where the oxygen concentration is high the binding of oxygen tohemoglobin is high. In respiring tissue where the oxygen levels are low and the CO2 levels are high the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is reduced and so the oxygen comes off the hemoglobin and is used by the cells. The driving force for this is the Bohr Effect whereby CO2 produced by the respiring cells dissolves in the blood as follows

CO2 + CO2 --> H2CO3 --> H+ + HCO3-. The H+ produced bind to the hemoglobin and in doing so displace the oxygen

In total, the average mans lungs can contain 5800ml of air and an average womans lungs can contain 4050ml of air, however, it is only possible for a man to forcefullly exhale 4600ml of this air, and a woman can only forcefuly exhale 3150ml. If the remaining air were to be removed from the lungs they would collapse.

-This information is taken from Guyton and Halls "Textbook of Medical Physiology" 2006 Ed.

In normal rested breathing, an average male breaths in and out 500ml of air, and an average women breaths in and out 350ml of air. This volume is called the tidal volume.

If an average man were to forcefully inspire as much as possible, he could breath in an additional 3000ml of air. An average women could forcefully breath in an additional 2000ml. This additional volume that can be inspired is called the inspirational reserve volume.

If an average man were to forcefully expire as much air as possible, he could push out about 1100ml of air in addition to the normal 500ml. An average women could forcefully push out an additional 800ml. This additional volume that can be exspired is called the exspirational reserve volume.

There is an additional 1200ml of air in an avergae mans lungs, and an additional 900ml of air in an avergae womens lungs that they cannot blow out. This volume is called the residual volume.

Chlamydia affects the lungs of some babies born with the infection.

Urine in the lung of an adult would be very rare, so assuming you mean urine in the lung of an infant or newborn, the term you are looking for would probably be AFA or Amniotic Fluid Aspiration.

After the 36th week of pregnancy, the amniotic fluid filling the sac around the fetus is made up mostly of the urine of the fetus. During labor and delivery infants can aspirate or breathe and pull the amniotic fluid into their lungs. This aspiration can lead to respiratory distress or respiratory distress syndrome and lung infections in the newborns. Sometimes the amniotic fluid around the time of delivery also contains meconium which is the digestive excrement of the fetus. Meconium aspiration is also a term used for this, and since the amniotic fluid is mostly urine, there will also be urine that gets into the lungs at the same time. Meconium aspiration can also lead to serious respiratory problems in the newborn.

No, the alveoli wall should be as thin as possible, i.e. one cell layer thick, in order to make the diffusion distance for gas exchange as short as possible.

Multicystic encephalomalacia can turn to cancer of the brain. It refers to deformities of cells, which causes brain damage. There are chances of the cells becoming cancerous.

Intrathoracic pressure

When falling to the ground, it travels at 9.8 m/s²

Blood has a chemical in it called hemoglobin, attached to the red blood cells. Certain molecules, including oxygen, are react quite strongly with hemoglobin.

The lungs end in tiny little bubble-like membranes called alveoli. These are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which connect the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein. (These carry unoxygenated blood from heart to lungs, and oxygenated blood back into the heart, respectively.) The membranes are permeable to both carbon dioxide and oxygen. Carbon dioxide gets released into the air within the alveoli (after being produced in individual cells and collected in the rest of the circulatory system), while oxygen slips over from the air into the blood and reacts with the hemoglobin. From there, it's carried back to your heart, and then out to the rest of the body to be used in cellular respiration (the most fundamental function of cells; essentially the power plant for the cell)

(The other noteworthy chemical that reacts with hemoglobin similarly is carbon monoxide, an odorless gas. It attaches to hemoglobin so strongly that the body can't remove it (there's some kind of reaction at the other end that makes hemoglobin release oxygen - it doesn't work with carbon monoxide). If you breathe in too much, all of your blood has carbon monoxide attached, and you effectively suffocate. The only way you can tell its happening is that you begin to feel inexplicably tired.)

This is the visible portion of the heart in an xray. From this an MD can tell if the heart is too big, and if there are any structural problems within the chest cavity.

what is hilar adenopathy

The diaphragm, a muscle right at the bottom of you rib cage, pulls air into your lungs and pushes it back out.

The lung is essentially an "outdoor organ" vulnerable to the environment. Biochemically, aging is caused by both endogenous and exogenous free radical injury, inflicted by an over-balance of oxidants with respect to anti-oxidants. Glucose may also play a role in the aging process, by binding non-enzymatically with proteins in lung to form irreversible advanced glycosylation end-products.

Many people live well with only one lung (after a pneumonectomy). You can do just about any activity - to the reasonable limits of your pulmonary capacity (after checking with your physician and pulmonologist).

First the deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the superior vena cava, then it goes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. From there it goes through the pulmonary valve and the pulmonary artery into the lungs to get oxygenated. Once it's oxygenated, it comes back from the lungs and goes through the left atrium and enters the left ventricle though mirtal valve. From there it leaves the heart through the aorta and is transported through the rest of the body.

abdominal cavity

The trachea splits into the left and right bronchi in the thoracic cavity(the chest). From there the bronchi continue to branch out and keep getting smaller. Kind of like the branches on a tree. At the end of the those branches (bronchioles) are the alveoli( tiny grape like structures). In the alveoli is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur.