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Nervous System
This category is for questions about the mechanical and chemical process of reactions to internal and external stimuli, ranging from the brain down to the spinal cord, and all nerves, cells and tissues in between.
3,047 Questions
Why are the nervous and endocrine systems important?
The endocrine is one of the most important systems of the body. There are two systems that control the body, endocrine and nervous. The endocrine is basically producing and managing your hormones, making sure there isn't too much or too little. In the pituitary gland alone you secrete 9 hormones such as:
1) Growth Hormone (GH) - which codes for your body to grow. If you have to much of this you have Giantism, which is lethal and you grow to be a giant. Those who have too little Growth hormones have a condition called Pituitary Dwarfism.
2)Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - basically maintains your fluid volume. Monitoring your blood, water, urine, etc. volume, making sure you don't get dehydrated by not allowing the formation of urine. If your ADH levels are to low, you can get Diabetes Insipidus or suffer severe dehydration.
3) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - stimulates the thyroid to release the thyroid hormone. Decreased TSH levels can create Cretinism in children and increased levels can cause hyperthyroidism, Graves Disease, and similar.
4) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - causes the release of glucocorticoids (which are essential to life influencing the energy metabolism of most body cells and they help us resist stressors) and androgens. It is very rare to have decreased levels, however increased levels of ACTH cause Cushings Disease.
5) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - in females it stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and the production of estrogen. In males stimulates sperm production. Too little causes failure of sexual maturation while there is no effect should you have an overproduction.
6)Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - in females triggers ovulation and stimulates the ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone; in males LH promotes testosterone production. The effects of too high and too little are the same as for FSH.
7) Prolactin (PRL) - promotes lactation; too little causes poor milk production in nursing women while too high causes inappropriate milk production and impotence and breast enlargement.
8) Oxytocin - stimulates uterine contraction, stimulates labor, and initiates milk injection; there are no known effects for too high or too little amounts of Oxytocin.
9) Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) -
When people are walking raising their hands in class or smelling a flower they are using the?
Somatic nervous system
parasympathetic
What happens when the central nervous system is depressed?
They slow the functioning of the body and its reactions.
What nerve controls salivation swallowing and taste?
The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, or simply CN V) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing
What are two structures that make up the central nervous system?
The main structures of the central nervous system are the brain and the spinal cord.
What are the three basic components of the peripheral nervous system?
The Nervous system consists of the following three parts:
1.Brain
2.Spinal Cord
3.Neurons
sympathetic
By definition stress is when the the percieved demands of a situation outweigh the percieved ability to cope. So effectively you're only ever stressed because you think you're stressed, so just try to approach the situation in a more positive frame of mind. So say the situation was that you had a tone of work and a deadline to meet; instead of thinking "how am I going to do all this?" You think "is this all I have to do?". If you find it so stressful that this approach doesn't work, try venting your frustration by using a stress ball for example. This will help to deal with the emotions that occur as a result of the stress before then weighing up pros and cons, rethinking your approach, and eventually solving the problem that's causing you stress.
Can the nervous system repair its cables?
The nervous system is comprised of nerves called neurons, not 'cables'. Different nerve cells can reproduce to create newer nerve cells to replace damaged cells.
What cranial nerves slows the heart and increases motility of digestive tract?
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) slows the heart and increases motility of the digestive tract. It is part of the parasympathetic nervous system which is a branch of the autonomic nervous system.
What cranial nerve that regulates most of the internal thoracic and abdominal organs?
X, Number 10- the Vagus Nerve is the one that is connected with abdominal organs."The vagus nerve (n. vagus) (X pair) is mixed. Its motor fibers from the cells start motor nucleus, and sensitive - sensitive ganglion cells from occurring in the jugular orifice. From the brain of the vagus nerve goes behind the olive tree, and the skull - through the jugular hole and is divided into many branches, bound to the organs of the head, neck, chest and abdominal cavities. "-from my Atlas of Human Anatomy
Nerve conduction is the same in both directions. The rate of conduction is mediated by the physical properties of the nerve and the voltage sensitive channels so as long as the diameter is constant the spread of the action potential would be the same in either direction.
How many functions of neurons in the nervous system?
Neurons are pathways for electrical messages to pass through. Their main function is to pass a message from one neuron to another. As a whole, they transmit these messages between a receptor (something that picks up a stimulus. A stimulus includes things such as temperature, pressure, pain etc.), the brain and an effector (something which carries out the response to the stimulus).
There are three main types of neurons:
Sensory neurons - receive message from receptor and transmit it to the ->
Interneurons - receive message from sensory neurons and pass it on to the brain*. The brain responds and the interneurons pass the message on to the ->
Motor neurons - receive message from interneurons and pass it on to an effector.
*In the case of a reflex arc, where there is an unconscious response (e.g. touching a hot object) the message will bypass the brain and go straight from receptor to sensory to interneuron to motor to effector.
The muscle fibers are functionally organized as motor units. A motor unit consists of a single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates.
Whole muscles exhibit characteristics that are more complex than those of individual muscle fibers or motor units. Instead of responding in an all-or-none fashion, whole muscles respond to stimuli in a graded fashion, which means that the strength of the contractions can range from weak to strong.
Which part of the nervous system is a gray wrinkly organ made up of millions of neurons?
The brain. The nervous system has two main parts, the brain and the spinal cord. There are also a ton of sensory and motor neurons transmitting signals to and from the rest of the body, but brain and spinal cord make up the Central Nervous System, which is in charge of it all.
Who has a better sense of smell boys or girls?
Actually it is the same. It depends on person to person so you can't differentiate between the two. It all depends on the chemo receptors and the response of the synapses.
What are some side effects of central nervous system stimulants?
The most common adverse effects of CNS stimulants are associated with their primary action. Typical responses include overstimulation, dizziness, restlessness, and similar reactions. Rarely, hematologic reactions.
In myelinated axons where are the voltage gated sodium channels concentrated?
In myelinated axons, the voltage gated sodium ions are located along the nodes of Ranvier, the exposed places between the myelin segments. The gates here, however, are not particularly more concentrated than on other un-myelinated axons.
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