Paleontology

The type of rocks that contain fossil fuels are sedimentary rocks, such as shale, sandstone, and limestone. Fossil fuels like oil, natural gas, and coal are formed from the remains of plants and animals that were buried and compressed over millions of years within these rocks.

Extrusive rocks that cool more rapidly than intrusive rocks generally have a fine-grained texture with small mineral crystals. This rapid cooling prevents larger crystals from forming due to lack of time for crystal growth. Examples of such rocks include basalt and rhyolite.

There are dozens and dozens of dinosaur skeletons on display at the American Museum of Natural History, so you will have to be more specific.

The earliest industries used heat/thermal energy to run their operations by burning feul or coal to generate the heat energy.

During the Permian period, Earth experienced the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea, extensive glaciation in the southern hemisphere, and the diversification of reptiles. The Permian-Triassic extinction event, the largest mass extinction in Earth's history, occurred at the end of the period, resulting in the loss of around 90% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial species.

'According to the common opinion of the Arabs, there are seven heavens, one above another, and seven earths, one beneath another; the earth which we inhabit being the highest of the latter, and next below the lowest heaven. The upper surface of each heaven and of each earth are believed to be nearly plane, and are generally supposed to be circular. Thus is explained a passage of the Koran in which is said that God has created seven heavens and as many earths or storeys of the earth. Traditions differ respecting the fabric of the seven heavens. In the most credible account, according to a celebrated historian, the first is described as formed of emerald; the second of white silver; the third of large white pearls; the fourth of ruby; the fifth of red gold; the sixth of yellow jacinth; and the seventh of shining light. Some assert Paradise to be in the seventh heaven; indeed, I have found this to be the general opinion of my Muslim friends; but the author above quoted proceeds to describe, next above the seventh heaven seven seas of light, then an undefined number of veils or separations of different substances seven of each kind, and then Paradise, which consists of seven stages one above another (these are distinguished by the names of precious gems) canopied by the Throne of the Compassionate. These several regions of Paradise are described in some traditions as forming so many degrees, or stages ascended by steps.'

'The earth is believed by the Arabs to be surrounded by the ocean, which is described as bounded by a chain of mountains called Kaf, which encircles the whole as a ring, and confines and strengthens the entire fabric; these mountains are described as composed of green chrysolite like the green tint of the sky. Mecca, according to some, or Jerusalem, according to others, is exactly in the centre. The earth is supported by successive creations one beneath the other. The earth is upon water, the water upon the rock, the rock on the back of the bull, the bull on the bed of sand, the sand on the fish, the fish upon a still suffocating wind, the wind on a vale of darkness, the darkness on a mist, and what is beneath the mist is unknown. It is believed that beneath the earth and the seas of darkness is Jahennem, which consists of seven stages, one beneath another.'

Relative dating-comparing fossils related to how old other fossils are in the same sample of rock.

If the rock has been undisturbed, the oldest rock will be at the bottom, therefore, the oldest fossils will also be at the bottom. the youngest rock will be at the top, therefore, the youngest fossils will be at the top.

Absolute Dating-When you can figure out through testing the exact age of the fossil

well to be honest they are different from each other becauce of the rock layer and other facts about the fossils and the relative age rock if notified by the fossils so anyways a fossil of plant is like a fossil but just of plant ok listen i really dont know wat im doing now so please help me

The second era of marketing is characterized by the shift from a product-centric approach to a consumer-centric approach. This era focused on understanding consumer needs and preferences to create targeted marketing campaigns. It also saw the rise of technology and data-driven marketing strategies.

The second era of marketing, known as the Relationship Era, began in the late 20th century. It emphasized building long-term relationships with customers, focusing on customer satisfaction, loyalty, and personalization. This era marked a shift towards a more customer-centric approach to marketing.

Some types of evidence of ancient life that can be preserved as fossils include bones, teeth, shells, footprints or trackways, and imprints of soft tissues. Plant material such as leaves, wood, and pollen can also be fossilized.

Knowing the relative age of a fossil helps determine its position in relation to other fossils. It does not give an exact age but provides insights into the sequence of events in Earth's history. To obtain more precise age information, techniques like radiometric dating can be used.

Trilobites are an example of remains from a species that existed for relatively short periods of time, were abundant, and were geographically widespread. Trilobites lived from the Early Cambrian to the Late Permian period, spanning over 270 million years, and were diverse and numerous in marine environments worldwide. Their fossils are commonly found in rocks around the world.

Being a fossil is not an adaptation. Fossilization is quick burial that prevents decay. An example of an adaptation is when an organism becomes attuned to a new habitat or environment by gaining or losing a past trait

The Cenozoic era on the geologic time scale is divided into periods and epochs. This era includes periods such as the Paleogene and Neogene, which are further divided into epochs like the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene.

Clastic sedimentary rocks, like conglomerate and sandstone.

The geological division that lasted for just over 7/8ths of the Earth's history is the Precambrian Super-Eon.

It started 4576.2 million years ago with the formation of Earth and ended 542 million years ago at the start of the Cambrian Period. It is made up of the Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic Eons.

Although the super-eon is widely recognised as a time division this is only an unofficial term. The ICS prefer to use the Eon when describing the time before the Cambrian.

Very little is known about the Hadean Eon (4576.2 - 4000 million years ago).

It was the time when Earth was being bombarded with comets, planetoids, asteroids and meteoroids. It was a time called the great bombardment. Evidence for this comes from the moon since most of the craters on Earth have been destroyed by erosion, plate tectonics and alluvial deposits. During this phase in Earths history life just simply would could not have happened. For a lot of the time the surface was molten due to the constant impacts and there were no oceans.

It was thought that the Great Bombardment ended about 4,100 million years ago. After this came the Great Rain, a period where it rained constantly for millions of years. This was to form the first oceans.

It was after this about 3,500 million years ago when the first evidence of life appeared. Since the fossil life we have found was already quite sophisticated scientist believe that life must have appeared before this but it is still very unlikely this was during the Hadean Eon.

This rock is likely a type of metamorphic rock called gneiss. Gneiss forms under high heat and pressure conditions deep within the Earth's crust. The alternating layers of dark and light colors are a result of the rock's minerals recrystallizing into bands.

Mass extinctions are key events that result in significant shifts in fossil types found in rock layers worldwide. These changes are typically caused by catastrophic events such as asteroid impacts, volcanic eruptions, or major climatic shifts. These mass extinctions are major drivers of evolution, leading to the rise of new species and the decline of others.

The major extinction that preceded the Mesozoic era is called the Permian-Triassic extinction event, also known as the Great Dying. It occurred around 252 million years ago and is considered the most severe mass extinction event in Earth's history, wiping out approximately 96% of marine species and 70% of land species.

Because the Diapsid reptiles (Dinosaurs in Particular) were seen as the dominant terrestrial life forms during that time, being both the Apex predators, and the largest herbivores. Odds were if you saw a vertebrate on land, it was a reptile. Additionally, during that time, reptiles also took to the sea in a far greater variety than seen today (and got quite large as well, Pliosaurs were likely Apex predators in the sea as well) That period was seen as a high point for reptiles - mammals now occupy most of the niches that reptiles did in the mesozoic. Additionally, when that phrase was made, Birds were not considered to be a highly derived/specialized reptile, further increasing the apparent contrast between reptile abundance now, and the much greater reptile abundance in the mesozoic. .... Although when that phrase was coined, the "proto-mammal" synapsids were considered to be reptiles, with the more advanced synapsids being called "mammal like reptiles" (they are no longer considered reptiles) So I must wonder why the term didn't originally refer to both the Permian and the Mesozoic. It must be the disparity in body forms - only during the mesozoic did reptiles take to the air, become apex predators at sea, and attain sizes unsurpassed by any other terrestrial life.

During this era, familiar marine life forms such as fish, sharks, and bony corals evolved. These organisms played essential roles in shaping marine ecosystems and diversity during this time.